МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ по выполнению практических работ по дисциплине «Иностранный язык» (английский) для студентов 2 курса специальности 35.02.01 «Лесное и лесопарковое хозяйство»
Практическое занятие №1
Тема: Мой рабочий день
Цель: Введение и активизация ЛЕ.
My Working Day
I get up at 7 o’clock. I should admit that I don’t quickly jump out of bed. I am definitely not an early riser. Then I take a shower, clean my teeth. It takes 15 minutes to brush and order my hair and put on make up. After then I am ready for breakfast. I usually have a cup of strong coffee and a sandwich for breakfast. When I am full up I get dressed. I don’t do morning exercises. Perhaps I am lazy, perhaps I don’t have much time.
I don’t like to be late. So I leave home at 8. My working day starts at 9. My house is far from the office and I usually go by car. Sometimes when it is broken I use a taxi because It takes 40 minutes to get there. I work 5 days a week from 9 till 16.
After my working day I prefer to have a rest. But rest for me is not just sitting in front of TV and doing nothing. So straight from the office I go to the supermarket, buy some food and go home. There at first I prepare supper. I have a lot of thing to do about the house: water the flowers, tidy up the house, wash up and iron clothes. I don’t like to go out at week-days. But sometimes my friends or parents come to visit me. I am happy, of course. Twice a week I go to fitness.
As usual after supper I watch TV. I try to go to bed at 11 o’clock. Before falling asleep I usually read a book or a magazine.
So, that’s all I can say about my daily activities. Of course I look forward to weekends coming and make plans.
Vocabulary:
daily routine -ежедневный распорядок
follow more or less — более или менее соблюдаю
to get up - вставать, просыватьсяto jump out of bed — быстро вставать с кровати (выпрыгивать)
definitely — определенно
an early riser - ранняя пташка
to take a shower — принимать душ
to clean my teeth — чистить зубы
to order one’s hair — приводить волосы в порядок
to put on make up — наносить макияж
to be ready for — быть готовым для
to be full up — быть сытым
to be late for — опаздывать на
to be far from — находиться далеко от
to go to work by car — ездить на работу на машине
to have a rest - отдыхать
to be broken - быть сломанным
It takes … to get …. — занимает (по времени), чтобы добраться…
to do nothing — ничего не делать
to wash up and iron clothes — стирать и утюжить одежду
before falling asleep — перед тем, как заснуть
to look forward to — ждать с нетерпением
Упражнение 1.1. Найдите следующие словосочетания в тексте:
Просыпаться; ранняя пташка; принимать душ; чистить зубы; завтракать; делать зарядку; я не люблю опаздывать; я ленивый; пользоваться такси; работать с 9 до 6; друзья приходят навестить меня; покупать еду; смотреть телевизор; дважды в неделю; читать книги или журналы.
Упражнение 1.2. Соедините начало и конец предложений:
1. I don’t like ……..
2. My house …………
3. After then I am ready for ………
4. It takes 40 minutes ……….
5. I try to go to ……….
6. I usually have a cup ……… A bed at 11 o’clock.
b. to get there.
c. of strong coffee
d. breakfast
e. is far from the office
f. to be late.
Упражнение 1.3. Заполните таблицу следующими словосочетаниями:
To get up; to have supper; to help about the house; to watch TV; to have breakfast; to go to school; to go to bed; to have dinner; to play games; to do morning exercises; to go for a walk; to wash; to make bed; to do lessons; to go shopping.
morning Afternoon evening
1.To get up
2.
3.
4. Домашнее задание: 1.Напишите рассказ о своем рабочем дне. 2. с. 34 зад. 2.2
Практическое занятие №2
Тема: Множественное число имен существительных.
Цель: Развитие лексико-грамматических навыков говорения.
Основные теоретические положения:
Множественное число имен существительных.
Упражнение 2.2. Поставьте предложенные существительные в форму множественного числа.
Computer (компьютер), lion (лев), glove (перчатка), lady (дама, леди), bus (автобус), knife (нож), potato (картошина), desk (парта), boat (лодка), child (ребенок), boy (мальчик), sheep (овца), leg (часть ноги от стопы до бедра), watch (часы), tooth (зуб), flower (цветок), play (игра), umbrella (зонт), foot (ступня), phone (телефон), person (человек), armchair (кресло), tomato (помидор), theatre (театр), wolf (волк), ox (бык), woman (женщина), subway (подземка, метро), deer (олень), elephant (слон), monkey (обезьяна), fox (лиса), family (семья), goose (гусь), butterfly (бабочка), tram (трамвай), daddy (дядя), man (мужчина).Упражнение 2.3. Переделайте словосочетания, поставив существительные в форму множественного числа.
A fallen leave (опавший лист), the stupid student (глупый студент), the German guest (немецкий гость), a difficult subject (трудный предмет), the broken window (разбитое окно), the good marks (хорошие отметки), an interesting example (интересный пример), a modern plane (современный самолет), the old coin (старая монета), a beautiful glass (красивый стакан), the driving license (водительское удостоверение), a fresh tomato (свежий помидор), a white ceiling (белый потолок), the biggest river (самая большая река), an interesting proposal (интересное предложение), a standing person (стоящий человек), the important addition (важное дополнение), a tasty supper (вкусный ужин), the endless day (бесконечный день), the recorded talk (записанный разговор), an angry goose (злой гусь), a bitter drink (горький напиток), the new teapot (новый заварочный чайник).Упражнение 2.4. Найдите 6 ошибок в образовании множественного числа существительных.
Photoes, dodoes, zeroes, tomatoes, Negroes, potatos, kiloes, buffaloes, videos, pianoes, mosquitoes, stereoes, radios, studios, echos, heroes.
Упражнение 2.5. Поставьте следующие предложения во множественное число.
1. This is a star. 2. This is a boy. 3. This is a baby. 4. That is a plate. 5. That is a flower. 6. That is a bookshelf. 7. Is this a sofa? 8. Is this a bookcase? 9. Is this a man? 10. Is that a ball? 11. Is that a train? 12. Is that a plane? 13. Is the window open? 14. Is the door closed? 15. Is the boy near the window? 16. That is not a king, 17. That is not a queen. 18. That is not a bus. 19. This isn't a mountain. 20. That isn't a goose. 21. This isn't a mouse. 22. It is a sheep. 23. It is a cigarette. 24. It is a cat. 25. It is not a girl. 26. It isn't a bag. 27. It isn't a tree. 28. It is not a bad egg. 29. It is a good egg. 30. Is that a flower?
Домашнее задание: с. 40 зад. 2.9
Практическое занятие №3
Тема: Артикль.
Цель: Тренировка лексико-грамматических навыков говорения.
Основные теоретические положения:
Артикли являются основными определителями имен существительных. Прежде чем употреблять какое-нибудь существительное, необходимо решить, определенное оно или неопределенное, т.е. надо представить, о каком предмете идет речь: о конкретном или любом.
В английском языке перед существительными почти всегда употребляется артикль:
Артикли a и an носят название неопределенного артикля (the Indefinite Article)
The носит название определенного артикля (the Definite Article)
Неопределенный артикль
a — употребляется перед словами, начинающимися с согласной. an — употребляется перед словами, начинающимися с гласной.
Существительное с неопределенным артиклем представляет собой название предмета вообще, а не название конкретного предмета. Например a student вызывает представление о студенте вообще, то есть об учащемся высшего учебного заведения, но не об определенном лице.
Значение неопределенного артикля можно выразить в русском языке такими словами как один, один из, какой-то, какой-нибудь, некий, всякий, любой, каждый.
Употребление неопределенного артикля
Неопределенный артикль употребляется с исчисляемыми существительными в единственном числе.
Определенный артикль
Определенный артикль имеет единственную форму: the. Индивидуализирующий артикль the произошел от указательного местоимения that — то
Определенный артикль the употребляется с названиями:
1) четырех сторон света: the North север, the South юг, the East восток, the West запад; Но если существительное обозначает направление, то оно употребляется без артикля: We wish to head west. Мы хотим направиться на запад (в западном направлении).
2) полюсов: the North Pole Северный полюс, the South Pole Южный полюс, the Arctic Арктика;
3) регионов: the Far East Дальний Восток, the north of England Север Англии, the south of Spain Юг Испании;
4) океанов: the Atlantic Ocean Атлантический океан, the Pacific Ocean Тихий океан;
5) морей: the North Sea Северное море, the Baltic Sea Балтийское море;
6) проливов: the Strait of Magellan Магелланов пролив, the Bosporus пролив Босфор;
7) каналов: the Panama Canal Панамский канал, the Suez Canal Суэцкий канал;
8) рек: the Mississippi Миссисипи, the Thames Темза, the Neva Нева;
9) озер: the Baikal Байкал, the Ontario Онтарио;
10) групп островов: the British Isles Британские острова, the Azores Азорские острова;
11) горных цепей: Alps Альпы, the Rockies Скалистые горы, the Andes Анды;12) пустынь: the Karakum Каракумы, the Sahara пустыня Сахара;
Следует обратить внимание на то, что на картах артикль the обычно не включается в географическое название.
Артикль не употребляется с названиями:
1) заливов: Hudson Bay Гудзонов залив; но в конструкциях с предлогом of употребляется the: the Gulf of Mexico Мексиканский залив;
2) полуостровов (если используется только имя собственное): Kamchatka п-ов Камчатка; но с артиклем the в конструкциях: the Kola Peninsula Кольский полуостров;
3) озер, если перед ними стоит слово lake – озеро: Lake Michigan озеро Мичиган, Lake Ontario озеро Онтарио, (но без слова lake - the Ontario);
4) водопадов: Niagara Falls Ниагарский водопад;
5) отдельных островов: Great Britain Великобритания, Cuba Куба, Sicily Сицилия;
6) отдельных гор и горных вершин: Elbrus Эльбрус, Kilimanjaro Килиманджаро.
7) континентов: Europe Европа, Asia Азия, North/South America Северная/Южная Америка; также, если перед ними определения типа: South Africa Южная Африка, South-East Asia Юго-Восточная Азия;
8) стран (есть исключения): France Франция, China Китай, Russia Россия, England Англия, America Америка, Great Britain Великобритания;
9) провинций, штатов: Quebec Квебек; Texas Техас (штат), California Калифорния (штат);10) городов и сел: Paris Париж; Washington Вашингтон; Moscow Москва; London Лондон; Oxford Оксфорд; Borodino Бородино.
Исключения:
1) названия некоторых стран и местностей:
the Ukraine Украина; the Argentine Аргентина; the Congo Конго; the Caucasus Кавказ; the Crimea Крым;
the Hague Гаага и др.;
2) Артикль the с официальными названиями стран, включающими такие слова, как republic, union, kingdom, states, emirates, а также с географическими названиями стран во множественном числе: the German Federal Republic Германская Федеративная Республика; the Russian Federation Российская Федерация; the United Kingdom = the UK Объединенное Королевство; the United States of America = the USA Соединенные Штаты Америки; the United States Соединенные Штаты; the United Arab Emirates Объединенные Арабские Эмираты; the Netherlands Нидерланды; the Philippines Филиппины;
3) с названиями континентов, стран, городов, если они имеют индивидуализирующее определение: the Moscow of the 17th century Москва XVII века; theEurope of the Middle Ages средневековая Европа.
Упражнение 3.2. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо:1.This is … clock. 2. This is … Kiev. 3. … Kiev is … big city. 4. Mary is … girl. 5. She is … my sister. 6. This is … room. 7. Is … newspaper in … bag? 8. She is in … room. 9. Is … teacher in … classroom? 10. Is … your room large? 11. Is … pen in … bag? 12. Are you … students? 13. My friend has … children. 14. … sportsmen are always in good form. 15. … children we saw in … street are schoolboys. 16. She lives in … 1st street.
Упражнение 3.3. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо. 1. This is ... tree. ... tree is green. 2. I can see three ... boys. ... boys are playing. 3. I have ... bicycle. ... bicycle is black. My ... friend has no ... bicycle. 4. Our ... room is large. 5. We wrote ... dictation yesterday. ... dictation was long. 6. She has two ... daughters and one ... son. Her ... son is ... pupil. 7. My ... brother's ... friend has no ... dog. 8. This ... pencil is broken. Give me that ... pencil, please. 9. She has ... ball. ... ball is ... big. 10. I got ... letter from my ... friend yesterday. ... letter was interesting.
Упражнение 3.4. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо. At... beginning of ... 19th century ... little boy was born in ... family of John Dickens, ... clerk at ... office in ... Portsmouth, and was named Charles. He had ... sister who was older than himself, arid there were several other children in ... family. When Charles was seven, he was sent to ... school. He was not... strong child. He did not like to play ... cricket or .. football and spent all his free time reading. In 1821 ... family went to ... London and little Charles left behind him ... happiest years of his childhood. His father was in ... money difficulties, and ... family became poorer and poorer. ... boy had to give up his studios. Mr. Dickens was put into ... debtors' prison. Little Charles learned to know all ., horrors and cruelty of ... large capitalist city. He had to go to work at... blacking factory. He worked there from ... morning till ... night. When his father came out of prison, Charles was sent to ... school for some time. Soon he got work as ... clerk. Then he learned ... stenography and became ... reporter; in Parliament. In 1836 at... age of 24 Charles Dick-1 en? published his first book. It was ... collection of ... stories. ... title of ... book was "Sketches by Boz." There were followed by "Pickwick Papers" and "Oliver Twist" and many other famous novels. Charles Dickens is one of ... greatest writers of ... 19th. century. His novels are now translated into most languages of ... world.
Домашнее задание: с.47 зад. 2.16
Практическое занятие № 4
Тема: Мой выходной день.
Цель: Развитие навыков чтения с применением различных стратегий.
Упражнение 4.1. Прочтите и переведите текст.
Every person whether an adult or a teenager cannot work all the time and needs to have a rest. Usually all the people have a little rest during their weekends. I am not an exception. I really enjoy relaxing and having fun with my friends. Starting from Wednesday I begin to look forward to the weekends.
My weekends usually start on Friday afternoon. I come back from school, throw my bag into the corner and go to meet my friends. I haven’t seen them for five days, so I missed them very much.
On Friday we usually go to the city centre. We go to a pizzeria or a café, and then we go to the cinema and watch there a new film. We usually like to watch comedies. But sometimes we go bowling. I like bowling very much and I especially live those colourful bowling shoes and when I score points by bowlingstrikes.
On Saturday mornings and afternoons I usually help my mother about the house. My mother usually cooks and I clean our flat. I dust, vacuum the carpets, water the plants and wash the clothes.
Saturday evenings I like to spend in a company of my best friend Helen. We can go for a walk in the park or stay at home. We like playing table games such as Monopoly or scrabble. Also we like watching films. Sometimes we can organize a pyjama-partywith some other friends. On Sunday I usually sleep till midday. I can play computer games, surf the Internet or look through the fresh press. Then I get ready for the coming Monday. I do my home tasks, pack my bag, and iron my clothes. The rest of the day I spend with my family. It has become our tradition to have family dinner on Sundays. So, I have enough emotions after the weekend to spend the working week energetically.
Vocabulary:
adult – взрослый• exception – исключение• to look forward – ждать с нетерпением• go bowling – пойти на боулинг• bowling shoes – обувь для боулинга• score points – набирать очки• striking – выбивать все кегли одним ударом• dust – вытирать пыль• vacuum the carpets – пылесосить• scrabble – «Скреббл», настольная игра в слова• pyjama-party – пижамная вечеринка• surf the Internet – «лазить» по Интернету• look through - просматривать• iron – утюжить
Упражнение 4.2. Ответьте на вопросы:
1. Are you glad when weekends come?2. When do you usually start your weekends?3. What do you usually do on Friday evening?4. What do you usually do on Saturday?5. What do you usually do on Sunday?
Упражнение 4.3. Переведите следующие предложения:
Я жду с нетерпением выходных.
Вечер воскресенья я провожу с друзьями.
Я люблю «лазить» по интернету.
Наша семья имеет традицию: обедать вместе в воскресенье.
В воскресенье я вытираю пыль, поливаю цветы, помогаю маме готовить.
Мы ходим на прогулку.
Домашнее задание: Пересказ текста
Практическое занятие № 5.
Тема: Мой рабочий день.
Цель: Aктивизация ЛЕ.Упражнение 5.1: вставьте следующие слова в текст: face, coffee, hungry homework, TV games
On week days I usually get up nearly six o’clock. I do not like to get up early, but I have to, because I have a lot of work to do during the day.
I make my bed, wash my _______, put clothes on and go to the kitchen to have breakfast. My mother usually prepares breakfast for me, but sometimes I do it myself. If I prepare my breakfast for my own, I should have to get up earlier. I do not like big breakfasts; I prefer a cup of _____ and a sandwich.
Then I go to school. It is rather far from my house and I go there by bus. I have classes till two or three o’clock, it depends on a week day. Then I come home and have dinner. I like a big dinner, because when I come home from school I am _________.
After my dinner, I have a rest for a couple of hours and then I do my______. If I have some spare time I do some work about the house. I sweep the floor, dust the furniture find clean the carpets with the vacuum-cleaner. Sometimes my mother asks me to go shopping.
Then I have free time. I go for a walk with my friends or watch _______, or read books or play my favorite computer ______. Then I have supper with my family. I like evenings very much, all members of our family get together after work and study and have the opportunity to talk and to discuss our family affairs.
I usually go to bed at about ten o’clock, sometimes at eleven o’clock.
_____________________________________________________________________________
VOCABULARY:
to get up — вставать, подниматься
to have to + inf. — вынужден что-либо сделать
to make bed — застилать постель
to put smth.on — надевать что-либо
to have breakfast — завтракать
to prefer — предпочитать
to sweep — подметать
to dust — вытирать пыль
furniture — мебель
carpet — ковер
vacuum-cleaner — пылесос
to go shopping — ходить по магазинам
to have opportunity — иметь возможность
family affairs — семейные делаgУпражнение 5.2. Ответьте на вопросы.
1. When does he usually get up on week days?
2. What does he do when I have got up?
3. Does he like big breakfasts?
4. Is his school close to his home?
5. What does he do when he has some spare time?
6. When does he usually go to bed?
Упражнение 5.3: Найдите в тексте:
Просыпаться, в течение дня, завтракать, заправлять кровать, умываться, предпочитать чашечку кофе, это зависит от, пару часов я отдыхаю, свободное время, подметать, ходить по магазинам, гулять с друзьями, смотреть телевизор, иметь возможность поговорить, ложиться спать. Домашнее задание: Ответить на вопросы.
Практическое занятие №6.
Тема: « Мой рабочий день»
Цель: Совершенствование навыков устной речи
Упражнение 6.1 Ответьте на вопросы
What time do you get up on your week- days?
Do you usually do your morning exercises?
Who cooks your breakfast?
How many lessons do you have a day?
What do you do in the afternoon?
What do you do in the evening?
What time do you go to bed?
Упражнение 6.2 Составьте вопросы, используя данные из таблицы и ответьте на них.
When
Where
What lessons
What books do you go to the college?
have breakfast (dinner, supper)?
clean the teeth?
read?
watch TV?
play sports?
do your homework?
go to bed?
Упражнение 6.3 Прочитайте диалог, разыграйте его по ролям и составьте диалоги о своем рабочем дне.
Student 1: Hi, Olga!
Student 2: Hi, Kate!
Student 1: How are you?
Student 2: I’m well. Thank you.
Student 1: I say Olga. When do you do your homework?
Student 2: I usually do my homework in the evening.
Student 1: Really? And as for me I read books and watch TV in the evening.
Student 2: I see.
Упражнение 6. 4. Составьте рассказ о своем рабочем дне, используя следующие выражения.
to get up at 7 o’clock
to do morning exercises
to have breakfast (dinner, supper)
to wash hands and face
to clean the teeth
to put on (a shirt, a skirt)
to read booksto watch TV
to help mother about the house
Тема 2. Здоровье, спорт, правила здорового образа жизни.
Практическое занятие №7.
Тема: Здоровье и забота о нем. Правила здорового образа жизни. Спорт
Цель: Развитие навыков детального чтения.
A Healthy Lifestyle
I consider that man’s health depends on his mode of life. To prevent the diseases it’s necessary to keep some simple regulations: to go in for sports, to eat carefully, to take a rest and to walk frequently in the open air. I’m fifteen years old and the last three years I do my morning exercises. It inspirits and gives strength to me for a whole day. I add dousing with cold water in winter. I think that conditioning to the cold is the main method for preserving my health. My favourite winter sports are cross-country skiing and skating. I prefer to run in the park and play tennis in summer. I go to the swimming pool twice a week the whole year round. Swimming increases the respiratory system. I also try to observe a day regimen. Every day I go to bed and get up at approximately the same time. I give special attention to meals. I don’t eat fatty and high-calorie foods and I don’t drink heavily gas-cut beverages. At my time of life some peers smoke and drink alcohol but I think that it’s dangerous for a human organism and sooner or later it will be injurious to our health. I think that everybody must begin to take care of his health in his youth because it’s easier to take care of our health than to recover it.
Vocabulary:
1. to depend-зависит
2. mode of life- образ жизни
3. to prevent- предотвращать
4. disease-болезнь
5. necessary-необходимо
6. frequently- часть
7. to prefer- предпочитать
8. swimming pool- бассейн
9. respiratory system- дыхательная система
10. fatty- жирная
11. gas-cut beverages- газированные напитки
12. to take care- заботиться
Упражнение 7.1: переведите словосочетания:
Fatty and high-calorie foods, human organism, to take care of his health, to prevent the diseases, the open air, cross-country skiing, twice a week, dangerous for, it will be injurious to our health.Упражнение 7.2.: Познакомьтесь с болезнями и выберите правильную методику их лечения.
A headache ( головная боль) a .call the doctor
a cold ( простуда, насморк) b. call the dentist
a fever( температура) c. drink tea with honey
a backache ( боль в спине) d. go to bed
a sore throat( боль в горле) e. drink a lot of water
a stomachache ( боль в животе) f.eat yogurt
a earache ( ушная боль) g. take aspirin
a broken arm ( сломанная рука) h. drink milk
i. have some chicken
j. take vitamins
Домашнее задание: Пересказ, выучить ЛЕ
Практическое занятие №8
Тема: Спорт в нашей жизни.
Цель: Тренировка навыков чтения и говорения.
Sport in Our Life
People all over the world are fond of sports and games.Sport makes people healthy, keeps them fit, more organized and better disciplined.It unites people of different classes and nationalities. Many people do sports on their personal initiative. They go in for skiing, skating, table tennis, swimming, volley-ball, football, body-building, etc. All necessary facilities are provided for them: stadiums, sport grounds, swimming pools, skating rinks, skiing stations, football fields.
Sport is paid much attention to in our educational establishments. Gymnastics is a part of children's daily activities in the kindergartens. Physical culture is compulsory subject at schools and colleges.
Professional sport is also paid much attention to in our country. In city, where I live, there are different sporting societies, clubs and complexes.
Practically all kinds of sports are popular in our country, but football, gymnastics and tennis enjoy the greatest popularity. As for me, I go in for table tennis (ping-pong). It needs mobility, liveliness and much energy. It keeps a person in a good form. I have been playing tennis for five years, but the more I play, the more I like it. I get a real joy taking part in competitions or simply playing with my friends. Sometimes, I go to tennis courts.
Certainly, there's a great distance between my manner of playing and such favourites as Jim Courier, Stephan Edberg, Pete Sampras, Boris Becker, Per Korda, but I do my training with great pleasure and hope to play as well as our best players do.
Vocabulary:
fit — в хорошей формеon personal initiative — по личной инициативеto pay attention to — обращать внимание наkindergarten — детский садcompulsory — обязательныйto enjoy popularity — пользоваться популярностьюmobility — мобильностьdistance — расстояние
Упражнение 8.1 Ответьте на вопросы:
1.Why are people all over the world fond of sports and games?2. What necessary facilities are provided for people?3. What kinds of sports are popular in our country?4. What is your favourite kind of sport? Why?
Упражнения 8.2. Какие из следующих утверждений является правильными?
People all over the world like sports and games.
Sport doesn’t make people healthy.
Physical culture is compulsory subject at schools and colleges.
Tennis (ping-pong needs mobility, liveliness and much energy.
Many people do sports on their personal initiative.
Sport doesn’t unite people of different classes and nationalities
Домашнее задание: составить рассказ о любимом виде спорта
Практическое занятие №9
Тема: Олимпийские игры
Цель: Развитие навыков чтения с применением различных стратегий.
Упражнение 9.1. Переведите и прочитайте текст.
The Olympic Games
The Olympic Games have a very long history. They began in 777 BC in Greece and took place every four years for nearly twelve centuries at Olympia. They included many different kinds of sports: running, boxing, wrestling, etc. All the cities in Greece sent their best athletes to Olimpia to compete in the Games. For the period of the Games all the wars stopped. So the Olympic Games became the symbol of peace and friendship.
In 394 AD the Games were abolished and were not renewed until many centuries later. In 1894, a Frenchman, Baron Pierre de Coubertin, addressed all the sports governing bodies and pointed out the significance of sports and its educational value. Two years later the first modern Olympic Games took place. Of course, the competitions were held in Greece to symbolize the continuation of the centuries-old tradition.
In 1896 the International Olympic Committee was set up. It is the central policy-making body of the Olympic movement. It is formed by the representatives of all countries which take part in the Olympic Games. The International Olympic Committee decides upon the programme of the games, the number of the participants and the city-host for the Games. Over one hundred and fifty countries are represented in the International Olympic Committee now. Besides, each country has its National Olympic Committee.
Summer and Winter Games are held separately. There are always several cities wishing to host the Games. The most suitable is selected by the International Committee. After that the city of the Games starts preparations for the competitions, constructs new sports facilities, stadiums, hotels, press centres. Thousands of athletes, journalists and guests come to the Games, and it takes great efforts to arrange everything. There is always an interesting cultural programme of concerts, exhibitions, festivals, etc., for each Games.
Russia joined the Olympic movement in 1952. Since then it has won a lot of gold, silver, and bronze medals. In 1980 Moscow hosted the Twenty- Second Olympic Games. The latest Olympic Games were held in Sydney. Russian sportsmen got medals for their records in many sports events.
Vocabulary:
1.to include-включать
2. kind-вид
3.to compete-участвовать
4. peace-мир
5. friendship-дружба
6. to abolish-отменить
7. significance- значимость
8.movement-движение
9. participant-участники
10. suitable- подходящий
11. to select-выбирать
12. preparation-подготовка
13. guest-гость
14. exhibition- экскурсия
15. to arrange-организовывать
16. silver-серебро
17. event-события
Упражнение 9.2. Ответьте на вопросы:
When and where did the Olympic Games begin? 2. Why did the Olympic Games become the symbol of peace and friendship? 3. When did the Games in Greece stop? 4. Who renewed the Olympic movement? 5. When and where did the first modem Games take place? 6. When was the International Olympic Committee set up? What is its function? 7. Are Summer and Winter Games held separately? 8. How does the city-host prepare for the Olympic Games? 9. When did Russia join the Olympic movement? 10. Where were the latest Olympic Games held
Упражнение 9.3. Найдите следующие словосочетания в тексте:
Иметь давнюю историю; различные виды спорта; прекращать войны; значимость спорта и его воспитательное развитие; продолжение многовековой традиции; национальный олимпийский комитет; летние и зимние игры; город начинает готовиться к играм; присоединиться к олимпийскому движению.
Домашнее задание: пересказ текста
Практическое занятие № 10
Тема: Глагол to be, to have. Неопределенные местоимения some, any, no и их производные. Оборот there is\ there are.
Цель: Развитие лексико-грамматических навыков говорения.
Основные теоретические положения:
Спряжение глагола to be, to have
Глагол Present Simple Past Simple Future Simple
To be I am
He
She is
It
You, we, they are Was ( ед.ч)
Were ( мн.ч) Shall
+ be
will
To have Have
Has ( для 3 лица) Had Will
+ have
shall
Неопределенные местоимения some, any, no и их производные.
Местоимение Употребление
Some обозначает что-то конкретное, определенное, а также некоторое количество, в таких случаях «some» не переводится или переводится «несколько»
Some+body/one обозначает «кто-то», подразумевая конкретного человека, в утвердительном предложении.
Some + thing обозначает «что-то», «кое-что»
Some также сочетается с вопросительными словами типа where, how и т. д. В таких случаях some обозначает «куда-то, как-то»
Any Any обозначает что-то неконкретное, неопределенное. А также в значении «что угодно, какой угодно и т. д.», в таких случаях пишется слитно со вторым словом. Чаще всего используется в вопросах и в отрицании.
Any+body/one обозначает «кто-либо», «кто-нибудь» и «кто угодно», «любой»
Any+thing обозначает «что-либо», «что-нибудь»
В сочетаниях any+where, any+how и т. д. обозначает или «куда-либо, как-либо и т. д." или «куда угодно, как угодно»
Оборот There is / there are
Оборот there is / there are характерно использовать для определения местоположения предметов или если в предложении не используется глагола.
Структура предложения следующая: there is/are + существительное + обстоятельство места.
There is используется только для существительных единственного числа:
There is a cat in the garden – кот (находится) в саду;
Также чаще всего можно услышать сокращенную форму there is – there’s:
There’s an apple on the table – на столе (лежит) яблоко;
Для ясности, предложение there is/are лучше переводить с обстоятельства места.
Утвердительное предложение there is/are можно переконструировать в вопросительное. Для этого достаточно поменять местами there и is/are:
Is there a train to Moscow? – Есть ли поезд до Москвы?
И как дать короткий ответ на подобный вопрос:
Is there money in your pocket? – Yes, there is – No, there isn’t
Утвердительные предложения с оборотом there is/are можно преобразовывать и в отрицательные предложения, путем добавления отрицательной частицы not:
There is not a knife in your bag – в твоей сумке нет ножа;
Или же можно добавить отрицательное слово no(нет):
There is no sugar in this cup of coffee – в этой чашке кофе нету сахара;
Таким образом, еще раз стоит отметить употребление оборота there is / there are. There is употребляется только с существительными единственного числа, соответственно there are с существительными множественного числа.
Упражнение 10.1. Вставьте is или are.
1.There _____ two cups of tea on the table. 2. There _____ some milk in the cup. 3. There _____ an orange in the salad. 4. There _____ six balls in the box. 5. There _____ some cheese on the plate. 6.There ______ a blue chair at the door. 7. There _____ five chicks and a hen on the farm. 8. There _____ a table and nine desks in the classroom. 9. There _____ a big window to the left of the door. 10. There _____ three rooms in our country house.Упражнение 10.2. Напиши каждое предложение в отрицательной и вопросительной форме.
There are many pupils in the classroom.
There is some meat on the plate.
There are four parks in the city.Упражнение 10.3. Вставьте необходимую форму глагола to be.
My name (1) ______ Brenda Foster. I (2) ______ on the left in the picture. I (3) ______ ten years old and I (4) ______ in the fifth form. My birthday (5) _____ on the first of January. I (6) ______ from Santa Monica, California, USA. I (7) ______ American. My phone number (8) ______ 235-456-789. I live at 16 Park Street. My post code (9) ______ LA 30 SM. I’ve got a sister and a brother. Their names (10) ______ Gina and Paul. Gina (11) ______ 16 years old and Paul (12) ______ only three. I’ve also got a dog. His name (13) ______ Spot. He (14) ______ on the right in the picture. My Mum (15) ______ a doctor. She works at a hospital. My Dad (16) ______ a driver. He works in Los Angeles. We (17) ______ all friendly in our family.
Упражнение 10.4. вставьте необходимую форму глагола to be в прошедшем времени
_________ Jenny at the party?
_________ Lumpy quiet yesterday?
_________ you in Kongo?
_________ your parents in the local gym yesterday?
_________ your friend at school yesterday?
_________ you happy yesterday? Упражнение 10.5. Заполните пропуски some/any/no.
1. There is _______ tea in the crystal glass, but it is very hot.
2. There is _______ fresh milk in the fridge.
3.I can't make porridge.
4. Are there ________ tasty apples in the bag?
5. There isn't _______ jam on the round plate.
6. There are _______ bananas on the wooden table.
7. They are yellow. There is ________ butter on the plate.
8. There is ________ cheese on the table, but there’re ____________ cheese sandwiches.
9. There isn't _________ sausage on the table. There are ____________ potatoes in the bag.
10. There aren't ______________ bananas on the table, but there are ________ cucumbers there.Домашнее задание: выучить правило
Практическое занятие № 11
Тема: Британские виды спорта.
Цель: Формирование навыков чтения с применением различных стратегий.
Упражнение 11.1.Прочтите и попытайтесь перевести слова без словаря:
Nation, form, organize, associate, enthusiasm, seriously, progress, popularity, professional, distance, special, club, public, part
Упражнение 11.2. Прочтите заголовок текста и скажите, что вы знаете об этом. Прочтите и переведите текст.
Sports in Great Britain.England is sport-loving nation. Sports in England take many forms: organized competitive sports, which attracts huge crowds to encourage their favorite team to victory, athletic games played for recreation and others.
Some sports are called spectator sports, when the number of spectators is greater than the number of people playing the game. Other sports are called participant, sports attracting crowds only on special occasion such as tournament.
The game peculiarly associated with England is cricket. Many other games too are English in origin, but have been accepted with enthusiasm in other countries; cricket has been seriously and extensively accepted only in the Commonwealth, particularly in Australia, India, Pakistan.
Cricket is slow, and a spectator, sitting in the afternoon sun after his lunch, may be excused for having a little sleep for half an hour. Cricket is making no progress in popularity. Association football or soccer is very popular. Nearly 40 million spectators each year attend matches. Between the great professional teams organized by the Football League. The biggest event in England is the Cup Final played at the Empire Stadium, Wembley, in a London suburb.
Rugby football has excited in Britain since the beginning of the 19th century, when a teacher at Rugby school, while playing football, decided that it would be better to pick up the ball and run with it.
Rugby football is played with an egg-shaped ball which may be carried and thrown( but not forward).
The games of golf and tennis are played by the great number of people. Golf is played in the countryside. It consists in driving a small ball towards and into holes separated by considerable distances, by means of special golf clubs. The aim is to go round using a few strokes as possible.
There are many tennis clubs, but every town provides tennis courts in public parks. The world championship tennis matches are held at Wimbledon in London, during June and July.
Vocabulary:
1.crowd-толпа
2. to encourage-вдохновлять
3. victory-победа
4. team-команда
5. countryside-сельская местность
6. separate-отдельный
7. considerable-значительный
8. stroke-удар
9. to decide-решить
10. participant-участник
11. extensively-широко
12. popular-известный
Упражнение 11.3. Ответьте на вопросы:
What forms do sports take in England?
What is the differences between spectator and participant sports?
Is cricket making a progress in popularity?
Where is the Cup Final played?
What are the rugby football rules?
Where is golf played?
What is the aim of this game?
Домашнее задание: подготовить сообщения
Практическое занятие № 12
Тема: Спорт
Цель: Активизация ЛЕ в устной речи.
Упражнение 12.1. Прочтите и переведите текст.
Sports
Many people are fond of sports. It is the most popular way of relaxing. Sport helps us to be healthy and enjoy the life. Nowadays thousands of people are almost crazy about their health, and participating in sports has a great attraction for them. Besides, sport games are good for training people in courteous behavior; it teaches them to lose a game without losing their temper, and avoid selfish or mean tricks.
There are some kinds of sports which attract thousands of people. They are football, basketball, ice hockey, wrestling, track and field events. There are a lot of sports fans of these games all over the world. Many people belong to different amateur teams. As for me I am a member of our school volleyball team. I like this game very much. You must be rapid, attentive; you must have strong hands and fingers to play this game. The aim of the game is to put the ball to the opposite team’s court and not to let the opposite team make the ball touch the floor of your team’s court. Our school team is very good. We won many prizes in Inter-Schools contests.
Not everyone who enjoys sporting events like to participate in them. Some people prefer to be spectators, either by attending the games in person or watching them on TV. There are even special sport channels presenting sporting events all day long.
Speaking about sports, we can’t avoid speaking about the Olympic Games. The Olympics have a very long history. They began in 776 BC at Olimpia, in Greece. They take place every four years. In 1896 the first international Olympic Games were held. From then and to the present time the games have been international and the number of events in the programme has increased.
In these games only amateurs or non-professional athletes can take part. Each country sends team for as many of different events as possible. The winners of each event are given a certain number of points. The International Olympic Committee decides where the Next Olympics will take place.
It’s always very nice to see a family every member of which are fond of sport. Sports train people’s patience, tolerance. When the parents share their children’ interests you can say that the family is a lucky one.
Vocabulary:
To be fond of- увлекаться
To relax-расслабляться
Crazy-сумасшедший, сходить с ума.
Wrestling- борьба
Amateur- любительский
To participate- участвовать
Courteous-вежливый
To avoid-избегать
To attract-привлекать
Rapid-быстрый
Finger-палец
Present-настоящее
Event-событие
To increase-увеличивать
Упражнение 12.2. Переведите следующие словосочетания:
Увлекаться спортом; наслаждаться жизнью; по всему миру; иметь сильные руки и пальцы; выигрывать призы; предпочитать быть зрителем; смотреть спорт по телевизору; каждые четыре года; по настоящее время; международный комитет; любительские команды; дотронуться пола.
1. Sports train people’s …...
2. The International Olympic Committee decides where
3. the Olympic Games began
4. it teaches them to lose a game
5. Many people belong to …..
6. Each country sends team for as a. the Next Olympics will take place.
b. many of different events as possible.
c. different amateur teams
d. in 776 BC at Olimpia, in Greece.
e. patience, tolerance
f. without losing their temper,
Упражнение 12.3. Соедините начало и конец предложений
Домашнее задание: подготовка сообщений
Практическое занятие № 13
Тема: Из истории британских видов спорта
Цель: Совершенстование навыков диалогической речи
Упражнение 13.1. Прочтите и переведите текст.
Sport in Great Britain
Most people in Great Britain are real sport-lovers. Even if they don't go in for sport, they like to talk about it. Perhaps, you didn't know, but many kinds of sport have taken the origin in Great Britain. Cricket, football, rugby, tennis, table tennis, badminton, squash, canoeing and snooker were invented in Britain.
Britain's national sport is football or soccer. It was played there as far back as medieval times. Nowadays it has become the most popular game all over the world. There is no national football team in Great Britain. England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have their separate football clubs, which compete in European and World Cup matches.
English football fans are fond of most exciting games which are held between teams from the same city. For example, between Manchester United and Manchester City, Arsenal and Chelsea from London.There are plenty of amateur association football clubs. Many schools form their own football teams, offering students an opportunity of entering prestigious universities according to their sport achievements.
There is a certain type of football called rugby. The game is called so because it was originated at Rugby — a well-known English public school. As well as common football it is a game played by two teams of fifteen players each. The game takes place on a field 100 metres long and 80 metres wide. There are goal posts at both ends of the field. Rugby is played with an oval or egg-shaped ball which can be carried by hands and kicked. The ball is passed from hand to hand in order to be thrown across the goal line. It is a rather violent game, that is why the players must be big and strong. Another requirement for the players is to wear helmets, masks and chest and shoulder padding.
Cricket is a popular summer sport in Britain. There are many cricket clubs in the country. Cricket players wear a certain uniform — white boots, a white T-shirt and white trousers. One cricket game takes a terribly long time. There are two teams of 11 players each and test matches between national teams can last up to 5 days. The spectators have to be very patient. The game is played on a pitch with a wicket at each end. The rules of the game have changed over the years. It is a game which is associated with long sunny summer afternoons, the smell of new-mown grass and the sound of leather ball beating the willow cricket bat. Cricket is more popular among men, but it is also played by women and girls.
Tennis is another favourite sport of the Englishmen. People all over the world know Wimbledon which is the centre of lawn tennis. It is the oldest tennis tournament in the world considered by many people to be the most prestigious. It takes place over two weeks in late June and early July. Wimbledon is known for its traditions — strict white dress code for competitors, the absence of sponsor advertising around the courts and some others. Every tennis player dreams of taking part at this tournament.
Golf is a game of business community. In Great Britain it is very common to establish good business relations playing golf. The equipment for this game is quite expensive as well as the entrance to a prestigious golf club, so not everyone can afford it. Golf is a ball and golf stick game played on a natural field. In this game one has to knock a ball into a hole.
There are a lot of other popular sports in Great Britain, for example, horseracing, croquet, swimming, running, cycling and rowing.
Vocabulary:
cricket — крикетrugby — регбиsquash — сквошsnooker — снукер (вид игры на бильярде)to invent — изобретатьsoccer — футболmedieval times — Средние векаseparate — отдельныйto compete — соревноватьсяtournament — турнирto be fond of — любитьto hold — проводитьopportunity — возможностьaccording to — в соответствии сachievement — достижениеfield — полеgoal post — воротаviolent — жёсткий, суровыйrequirement — требованиеhelmet — шлемpadding — защитная накладкаuniform — форма одеждыspectator — зрительpatient — терпеливый pitch — полеwicket — ворота («калитка») to be associated with — ассоциироваться с new-mown grass — свежескошенная траваwillow — иваdress code — форма одежды absence — отсутствиеsponsor advertising — спонсорская реклама court — теннисный кортbusiness community — бизнес сообществоto establish good business relations — установить хорошие деловые отношения equipment — оборудование, снаряжениеentrance — входto afford — позволятьto knock — закатывать horseracing — скачки croquet — крокет running — бегcycling — велогонки rowing — гребля
Упражнение 13.2. Ответьте на вопросы.
The Englishmen love sports, don’t they?
Which sport do you associate with Britain? Why?
What sports have taken the origin in Britain?
Do you know any English football clubs?
What is rugby?
What equipment do you need to play rugby?
Cricket is popular winter sport in England, isn’t it?
Have you learnt any interesting information about cricket?
Why does every tennis player dream of taking part at Wimbledon?
Do you think golf is an exciting game?
Домашнее задание: повторить ЛЕ
Тема 3. Отдых, каникулы, отпуск, покупки. Туризм.
Практическое занятие №14
Тема: Путешествия
Цель: Введение и первичное закрепление ЛЕ
Упражнение 14.1. Прочтите и переведите текст.
Travelling
Modern life is impossible without travelling. Almost all people are fond of travelling. Thousands of people travel every day either on business or for pleasure. It’s v very interesting to see new places, other towns and countries.
There are various means of travelling. People can travel by air, by train, by sea or by board. Of course, travelling by air is the fastest and the most convenient way, but it is the most expensive, too
Travelling by train is slower than by plane, but it has its advantages with a train you have speed, comfort and pleasure combined. You can see much more interesting places of the country you are travelling through. Modern trains have comfortable seats. There are also sleeping cars and dining cars that make even the longest journey enjoyable.
Speed, comfort, and safety are the main advantages of trains and planes. That is why many people prefer them for business trips to all other means of travelling.
Traveling by sea or sea voyages are popular mostly as pleasure journeys. Large ships can visit foreign countries and different places of interest.
Many people like to travel by car. It’s interesting too, because you can see many places in a short time, you can stop anywhere you wish and spend as much time as you like at any place.
Nowadays a very popular method of travelling is hiking. It’s travelling on foot. Walking tours are very interesting.
Vocabulary:
Advantage- преимущество
Business trip-командировка
Means- средство
Expensive- дорогой
Plane-самолет
Journey- путешествие
Sleeping car-спальный вагон
Dining car- вагон-ресторан
Sea voyage- морское путешествие
Nowadays- в наши дни
Hiking- пеший туризм
Walking tour- пешая экскурсия
Упражнение 14.2. Ответьте на вопросы.
Why do people travel?
What are the means of travelling?
What are the advantages of travelling by plane?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of travelling by car, train and ship?
Why do many people prefer to travel by car?
How do you prefer to travel and why?
Упражнение 14.3. Какие из следующих утверждений не соответствуют содержанию текста. Исправьте ошибки.
Travelling by air is the slowest way.
Travelling by air is the most expensive.
Speed, comfort, and safety are the main advantages of ships.
Traveling by sea or sea voyages are not popular mostly as pleasure journeys.
Hiking is a travelling by foot.
Домашнее задание: Выучить ЛЕ
Практическое занятие №15
Тема: Виды транспорта. Транспорт Лондона.
Цель: Развитие навыков чтения с применением различных стратегий
Упражнение 15.1. Прочтите и переведите.
First of all you have to remember that they drive on the left side of the road in England. It may take some time to get used to it.
You can take one of London’s tourist Double-Deckers and start getting acquainted with London that way. The owner of those buses is Big Bus Company, and the 12 pounds (6-for a child). You pay once, and you can ride any of their buses all day long.
You couдd also take a tourist boat catamaran (Catamaran Cruises) down the Thames, e.g. a 4-hour tour is 6,5 pounds (4.5-for a child), and you can admire the beautiful sights of London from a boat.
You can also buy a travel card to go on excursions in London for a day or a week. There are weekend travel cards and Family travel cards.
Vocabulary
To get used (to smth.) – привыкнуть к чему-либо
To get acquainted (with smth) - познакомится, ознакомится с чем-либо
All day long – целый день
Boat – лодка, корабль
Cruise – круиз
Упражнение 15.2. Прочитайте и разыграйте по ролям диалог.
Reserving a Room at the Hotel
Hotel Clerk: Hello. Sunrise Inn. May I help you?
Mr. Jones: Yes? I’d like to reserve a room for two on the 3rd of May.
Hotel Clerk: Oh, yes. We have one suite available.
Mr. Jones: How much is that?
Hotel Clerk: It’s $200.
Mr. Jones: That’s a little too expensive for me. Do you have a cheaper room available either on the 2nd or 3rd.
Hotel Clerk: I’m afraid we’re full on the 2nd but we do have a few rooms on the 3rd. All rooms are with-conditioning, a colour TV and telephone.
Mr. Jones: Well, how much is that?
Hotel Clerk: $80.
Mr. Jones: O.K. Thet’ll be fine.
Hotel Clerk: How long are you going to stay?
Mr. Jones: Ten days.
Hotel Clerk: So you’re leaving on the 13th of May? I hope you’ll enjoythe place. Could you tell me your name, please?
Mr. Jones: Yes? Mike Jones.
Hotel Clerk: Excuse me, how do you spell your last name, Mr. Jones?
Mr. Jones: J-O-N-E-S.
Hotel Clerk: O.K., Mr. Jones, we look forward to seeing you on May te 3rd and thank you.
Mr. Jones: O.K. and good-bye.
Упражнение 15.3. Ты можешь путешествовать с помощью разных средств. Назовите их. Здесь вы можете увидеть список характеристик. Заполните пропуски. Выберите один из средств путешествий и составте к нему предложения.
Положительная сравнительная превосходная
Comfortable Safe Economical Polluting Fast Reliable Dangerous Expensive Convenient Relaxing Slow Упражнение 15.4. Прочитайте высказывания разных людей. Они выражают свое отношение к путешествиям. Соедините высказывания с героями.
A businessman. an experienced traveler. A professor of History a couch potato
a.he likes to travel alone or with his students. They travel from curiosity. They like to see the beauty of the world and learn traditions of other countries. They think that travelling is fascinating and enjoyable. It broadens our mind and allows us to understand other people better. c. He likes to travel alone or with his friends. Uually he travels for pleasure or in search activities. When he travels he likes to go sighseeing or explore unknown places. He believes that travelling is exciting and gives us life experience.
b. He doesn’t like to travel at all. He believes that it’s better to stay at home, because travelling is dangerous, troublesome and expensive. d.Usually he travels alone on business.When he travels he likes to meet new people. He thinks that travelling is useful but sometimes it’s a bit tiring.
Домашнее задание: подготовить краткий пересказ текста
Практическое занятие № 16
Тема: Покупки
Цель: Формирование навыков чтения с полным пониманием содержания прочитанного
Упражнение 16.1. Прочтите и переведите текст.
Shopping
If I have to buy something, I can go either to a market, or to a shop. Both shops and markets have their own advantages. At a market one can easily get whatever he wants without wandering from one place to another. It’s very convenient and saves you a lot of time. But on the other hand, markets are dirty and one can never be sure of that the goods he’s bought are of supreme quality. That’s the reason why I prefer shops to markets, especially that recently there appeared a lot of supermarkets, where one can buy any food he needs. As for clothes, books, china, you can find them all at a department store.
When one comes to a shop, he should come up to the counter and choose whatever he wants to buy. He can also consult the shop assistant to make the right choice. Then the customer goes to the cash desk and pays for what he buys.
But apart from department stores and supermarkets there exist a lot of small shops that specialize in selling just a few kinds of goods. The grocer’s is a place where one can buy flour, sugar and food of cans. If you need some fruit or vegetables, you can get them at the greengrocer’s. Sometimes one who sells fruit is called a fruiter, but nowadays the name sounds a bit old-fashioned. My favorite shop is
The confectioner’s, because it’s the place where all kinds of sweet and tasty things are sold, such as sweets, cakes, tarts and others. A confectionary is often situated in the same building with the baker’s, where the customers are offered a great variety of bread and buns. If you need any meat, fish or poultry for your dinner, you should go to the butcher’s, fishmonger’s or poulterer’s.
Our house is situated within easy reach of shops and I know all of them because it’s me who does the shopping in our family. A boot shop, dress shop, draper’s, stationer’s and bookshop are just at a stone throw from our place. As for china and furniture shops, watchmaker’s and jeweler’s, we have to go there by bus. But these are the shops that we go to very seldom.
Vocabulary:
Counter- прилавок
Cash desk- касса
Market-рынок
To wander-бродить
Supreme quality-высшее качество
Customer-покупатель
Department store-универмаг
Grocer’s-бакалея
Poulterer’s-магазин домашней птицы
Chemist-аптека
Haberdasher’s-галантерея
At a stone’ s throw- в двух шагах
Упражнение 16.2. Дайте определения следующим дефинициям.
Someone whose job is to receive or pay out money in a shop;
The desk in a shop where you pay;
Birds that are kept on farms for supplying eggs and meat;
A shop where you can buy medicines, beauty products;
A shop or part of a large store where things used for making clothes are sold?
Упражнение 16.3. Ответьте на вопросы:
Do you often go shopping?
Who does the shopping in your family?
Who helps you shopping?
Where do you usually buy your food, in small shops or in a supermarket? Why?
Домашнее задание: Выучить ЛЕ
Практическое занятие №17
Тема: Степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий.
Цель: Формирование лексико-грамматических навыков говорения
Основные теоретические положения:
Степени сравнения прилагательных.
Упражнение 17.1. Вставьте подходящее прилагательное в нужной степени.
A train is ___________ than a bus.
This text is the ___________ of all.
I was ill last week but today I am________ Park Street is _______ than Market Street.
This jacket is small for me. Show me a ________ one.
What is the __________ thing in life?
A crocodile is _________ than a water snake. Helen is the ________ girl in our class.
Упражнение 17.2. Образуйте сравнительную и превосходную степени от данных прилагательных.
hotsmallhappyexpensivebadУпражнение 17.3. Поставьте прилагательные в скобках в превосходную степень.
Everest is………(high) mountain in the world.
A whale is…………(big) animal on our planet.
He is the…………(good) student in our class.
This is……………(interesting) story by Dickens.
I am……………(happy) man in the world.
Упражнение 17.4. Исправьте ошибки в предложениях.
He is the most oldest student in his group.
You are taller then me.
My car is beter than his.
It is one of most beautiful lakes in the world.
These flowers are more cheap than those ones.
Упражнение 17.5. Поставьте прилагательное в скобках в нужную форму.
The Volga is…………(long) river in Europe.
Life in the country is…………(relaxing) than in the city.
He is one of…………(rich) people in the world.
My house is…………(modern) than yours.
The weather today is……………(good) than it was yesterday.
Домашнее задание: Выучить слова исключения
Практическое занятие № 18
Тема: Степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий.
Цель: Тренировка лексико-грамматических навыков говорения
Упражнение 18.1. Ответьте на вопросы:
Объясните, как образуется сравнительная степень односложных прилагательных.
Объясните, как образуется превосходная степень односложных прилагательных.
Объясните, как образуется сравнительная степень большинства двухсложных прилагательных, а также прилагательных, состоящих из трех или более слогов.
Объясните, как образуется превосходная степень большинства двухсложных прилагательных, а также прилагательных, состоящих из трех или более слогов.
Напишите сравнительную и превосходную степени прилагательного little.
Упражнение 18.2. Соедините части предложения из правой и левой колонок таблицы.
Ann works a lotmore slowly please?
More expensive hotels areharder than most of her friends.
Could you speakserious than we at first thought.
The examination wasusually more comfortable than cheaper ones.
Her illness was moreeasier than we expected.
Упражнение 18.3. Заполните пропуски в предложениях, используя слова better, worse, further, older, elder. Используйте than по мере необходимости.
We complained about the food on our hotel. But instead of improving, it got …
Your work isn’t very good. I’m sure you can do … this.
Ann’s younger sister is still at school. Her … sister is a nurse.
Our team played really badly this afternoon. We played … we have ever played before.
You’re standing too near the camera. Can you move a bit … away?
‘Is Jim younger than Tom?’ ‘No, he’s ….’
The damage to our car wasn’t so bad. It could have been much …
If you need any … information, please contact our head office.
Упражнение 18.4. Дополните предложения как указано в примере.
Пример: This cat is ...., but that cat is .... (fat)
This cat is fat, but that cat is fatter.
1) This monkey is ……………., but that monkey is …………………… (funny)
2) This house is ………………, but that house is ……………………………. (big)
3) This puppy is …………………., but that puppy is ………………… (small)
Упражнение 18.5. Открой скобки, используя превосходную степень прилагательных.
Пример: Jane is … girl in our class. (tall)
Jane is the tallest girl in our class.
1) This house is ………………………. house in our town. (big)
2) This classroom is ………………………… classroom in my school. (large)
3) This book is ……………………………….. book in this library. (bad)
Упражнение 18.6. Составьте предложения, используя сравнительную степень прилагательных.
Пример:
Horse/big/dog – A horse is bigger than a dog.
1. Mary/polite/Ann
2. Car/fast/bike
3. English/easy/German
4. Sam/tall/John
5. Your ring/beautiful/mine
Домашнее задание: подготовиться к тесту
Практическое занятие № 19
Тема: Мода
Цель: Совершенствование навыков чтения с применением различных стратегий
Упражнение 19.1. Прочтите и переведите текст.
Fashion.Most people like to think they are individualists and simply wear whatever they like. Few people will admit to being slaves to fashion. However, we are not just talking of the expensive haute couture of the Paris and Milan fashion houses, which not many people can afford anyway. We are talking of fashions and trends in everyday clothes. We say that we wear jeans and sweaters, because they are cheap and practical, but isn't it true that our jeans and sweaters tend to be the same as everyone else wears? Doesn't that mean that we like to be trendy? Of course, the big chain stores, to some extent, dictate what we wear, but they always offer a choice, which extends beyond clothes to make-up, personal ornaments (men wear earrings too nowadays) and hair styles. It is easy to declare that we do not slavishly follow the dictates of fashion, but aren't we all conformists in the heart? Every fashion goes through three stages. At first it is different; it may be new and exciting, shocking or surprising. Then it becomes popular, and the original idea is imitated. Finally it becomes boring and out of date as a new fashion starts.
Being fashionable says something about you. It means that you are up to date in other ways.Some changes in clothes have been practical and reflect the different way that we live. But fashion is about having fun and being up to date. Today fashion is a big industry.
When fashion shocks, it is usually more than clothes that are changing. I n the 1920s people were shocked when women cut their hair short and wore short skirts. People were shocked when women started to wear trousers to work in the early 1970s.
At the beginning of the twentieth century very young girls and boys all wore dresses and had long, sometimes curly, hair. The big change started in the late 1950s when teenagers adopted blue jeans and T-shirts. A whole range of clothes was made for young people in the 1960s and after. Fashion became colourful and exciting, changed fast and was designed for teenagers. Later in the 1970s many young people shocked and frightened the older generation. Their jeans were torn, they wore several earrings, put chains on their jackets and had spiky, coloured hair. They were seen rude and aggressive, so for many people such clothes meant "here is an ugly, rude person". They were punks.
Men's clothes have changed a lot. In the sixteenth century gentlemen's clothes were brightly coloured, and the cloth was patterned and embroidered. In the seventeenth century a wealthy man had silver buckles on his shoes and lace at the end of his sleeves. He could be fashionable because he was rich. However, not every fashion started with the wealthy. Trousers were worn by working men in the eighteenth century, but by the beginning of the nineteenth century they were also worn by fashionable men.
Before the twentieth century European women wore long skirts or dresses. Looking at these dresses, we notice that there is a lot of beautiful embroidery, lace and decorative work including gold thread and pearls.
After the First World War women's fashion changed much more than men's. In the 1920s in Europe many young women began to wear shorter skirts and very short hair. After the Second World War women's fashion has continued to change rapidly.
For most British people fashion is not very important. The British don't think about it very much. Even the richest and most important people often wear casual clothes. Only a very few can afford the clothes by Jean Muir or the Emanuels. Most people go down to the nearest shopping street and buy something from a chain store. The most popular of these stores, with a shop in every town in the country, is Marks & Spencer. Twenty per cent of all the clothes the British buy come from M & S.
Vocabulary:
haute couture — от кутюрto afford — позволять себеtrends — тенденции trendy — сверхмодный latest fashion — последняя мода make-up — макияжpersonal ornaments — крашения out of date — несовременный to be up to date — быть современным to shock — шокировать curly — кудрявый generation — поколениеtorn — поношенный earrings — серьги spiky — торчащие в разныестороны embroidery — вышивкаlace — кружево thread — нить pearl — жемчуг casual — повседневный chain store — однотипные магазины одной фирмы
Упражнение 19.1. Ответьте на вопросы.
1.What stages does every fashion go through? 2. What does being fashionable mean? 3. Why can fashion shock? 4. What was women's fashion in the 1920s? 5. What did young boys and girls wear at the beginning of the twentieth century? 6. What was fashion in the 1960s? 7. What do you know about men's clothes? 8. What happened to women's fashion after the First World War? 9. Does fashion mean much for most British people? 10. What does fashion mean for you?
Домашнее задание: подготовить краткий пересказ текста
Практическое занятие № 20
Тема: «Путешествия и покупки»
Цель: Активизация лексико-грамматических навыков говорения
Упражнение 20.1. Ответьте на вопросы.
Do people like to travel? Why?
Do more people travel on business or for pleasure?
Where do people prefer to go for pleasure?
Whom would you travel with? Why?
Where would you go if you had a chance and why?
What do you need to travel?
What means of transport do you prefer and why?
What luggage do you usually take with you?
What things do you bring home after visiting other places?
Упражнение 20.2. Распределите слова по категориям: Road travel, Rail travel, Sea travel, Air travel.
Ferry, coach, plane, sleeping car, motorbike, yacht, dining car, flight, harbor, platform, motorway, terminal, cruise, compartment, runway, traffic jam, voyage
Упражнение 20. 3. Прочитайте рекламу. Найдите в тексте, что говорится о подчеркнутых словах и выражениях..Your problem what to do this summer / how to see different countries
Go on this cruise / wherever you like
Back again returning to the city you came from / Bristol Airport
In the best possible way by plane, bus, coach and ship / on a luxury cruise ship
Mediterranean Teenage Summer CruiseYou are aged 16-19. You believe that travel broadens the mind. You want to do something interesting and different with people your own age this summer. You don’t want to go on another boring package holiday with Mum and Dad. Is that you? If it is, then we’ve got the perfect solution to your problem. And your Mum and Dad will let you go, because they’ll know you’re in safe hands. And having fun. And learning a lot. And it’s not costing them too much!
Package includes:
Coach from any major UK city to Bristol Airport and back again at the end of the cruise
Flights to and from Majorca (meals included)
Short bus rides between Palma Airport and port
14 nights aboard our luxury cruise ship ( 4 teenagers in each cabin)
Visits to and guided tours ( in alphabetical order): Ajaccio, Corsica (France), Athens (Greece), Barcelona (Spain), Casablanca (Morocco), Gibraltar (UK), Cadiz (Spain), Lisbon (Portugal), Nice (France), Rome (Italy)
Join us on our two-week Mediterranean Teenage Summer Cruise. All you need is a current passport (and some money from your parents!). Think about it! In a few weeks, you’ll be travelling and the Mediterranean in the best possible waywith people your own age. And by the end of the summer, you’ll have had an experience you’ll never forget. Call 07000700 or visit our website for details.
Упражнение 20.4. Верны ли следующие утверждения?
This holiday is designed for all teenagers.
The advertisement says the holiday is educational.
The cost of the holiday includes transport to the airport.
From the advert, we can understand that Palma Airport is the Majorca.
On the ship, you can choose not to share a room with other people.
The places are listed in the order in which you visit them.
Домашнее задание: подготовить сообщение
Практическое занятие № 21
Тема: «Виды путешествий»
Цель: Совершенствование навыков устной речи
Упражнение 21.1. Ответьте на вопросы:
What is the fastest way of travelling?
What way of travelling is cheaper than travelling by air and popular, too?
Why do many people often choose to travel by train?
What is the most comfortable and expensive means of travelling?
What is one of the cheapest means of travelling?
Why do many people prefer travelling by car?
Упражнение 21.2. Представьте, что вы собираетесь в зарубежную поездку в южную или северную страну. Выберите вещи, которые могут вам пригодиться в поездке.
A compass
Sunglasses
Matches
A map
A flask of water
A dog
A bathing suit
A thermos
Binoculars
Warm boots
A sledge
White clothes
A fur coat
Mittens
A magnifying glass
Skies
You may add some words if you need. Prove your ideas.
Упражнение 21.3. Выполните тест.
ARE YOU A THRILL-SEEKER?
Choose the alternative that best describes your likes or dislikes, or the way you feel.
1.
a) I sometimes like to go things that are a little frightening.b) Sensible people avoid dangerous activities.c) I love being terrified!
2.
a) I enter cold water gradually, giving myself time to get used to it.b) It’s fun to dive of jump right into the ocean or a cold pool.c) I won’t go in the water unless it’s very warm.
3.
a) When I go on holiday, I want a decent room and a bed at least.b) I like going camping and doing without the conveniences of everyday life.c) I expect a bit of luxury on holiday.
4.
a) I think it would be really exciting to do a parachute jump.b) Jumping out of a plane, with or without a parachute, is crazy.c) I’d consider doing a parachute jump if I had proper training.
5.
a) People who ride motorbikes must have some kind of unconscious desire to hurt themselves.b) Riding a motorbike at high speed is one of the most exciting things you can do.c) Motorbikes are just another means of transport.
SCORING
Add up your total and see if the person described below sounds like you:
1 a) 1 b) 0 c) 2
2 a) 1 b) 2 c) 0
3 a) 1 b) 2 c) 0
4 a) 2 b) 0 c) 1
5 a) 0 b) 2 c) 1
1-3 Very low on thrill-seeking. You like your comfort above all else. You’ll do everything possible to avoid dangerous or unpredictable situations. Why not try taking a risk now and then? You might surprise yourself!
4-7 You seem to have found a very good balance between healthy excitement and unnecessary risk. You give yourself challenges which make you an interesting person to know.
8-10 The ultimate thrill-seeker. You’re a bit of a wild one! Watch out thought that you don’t start taking stupid or dangerous risks just for the buzz. Remember it can be addictive!
Домашнее задание: повторить ЛЕ
Тема 4. Культурные и национальные традиции, краеведение, обычаи и праздники.
Практическое занятие № 22
Тема: Праздники в США.
Цель: Введение и первичное закрепление ЛЕ.
Упражнение 22.1. Прочтите и переведите текст.
Holidays In The USA
American holidays are strikingly different in origin and show surprising similarities in the manner of their celebration. No matter what the holiday's origin is, they all seem to be the same thing. A holiday has simply become, for most Americans, a day off from work, though some (for example, Thanksgiving and Christmas) retain some individuality.The major holidays in the USA are:1.New Year's Day, January, 1st:People stay awake until after midnight on December 31st to "watch the Old Year out and the New Year in." Many parties are given on this night. Theatres, night clubs, restaurants are crowded. When midnight comes, they greet the New Year: people gather in the streets of big cities, they ring bells, blow whistles and automobile horns, some shoot off guns and firecrackers.2.Valentine's Day, February, 14th:It is not a national holiday. Banks and offices do not close, but it is a happy little festival in honour of St Valentine, patron of sweethearts and lovers. It is widely celebrated among people of all ages by the exchange of "valentines." A "valentine" may mean a special greeting card or a little present. The greeting cards are often coloured red, have red trimmings and pictures of hearts.3.Washington's Birthday, February, 22d:In addition to commemorating the birth of the United States' first President, it's a great day for shoppers. The department stores of Washington, DC, stated a national tradition of sales marked by unusual bargains. It is not a national holiday. Many schools, offices and banks close for this day, some stay open. The US Congress observes the birthday of George Washington with speeches and readings from his works.4.Easter:Easter is in memory of the Resurrection of Jesus Christ. It falls on the first Sunday after the first full moon between March, 22, and April, 25. The 40 days before Easter are called Lent. Just before Easter, schools and colleges usually close. Students have a week or ten days of spring vacation. Easter is a church holiday, and many churches have an outdoor sunrise service. People give each other presents of eggs which are the symbol of new life. There is a popular belief that wearing three new things on Easter will bring good luck throughout the year.5. Memorial Day, May, 30th:It is a national holiday. Schools, banks and offices close for the day. On that day, Americans honour the servicemen who gave their lives in past wars. Schools, clubs and churches decorate the cemeteries. They put up the flags on the graves of the army, navy and airmen. They hold memorial services in churches, halls, parks and cemeteries. In addition to solemn services Memorial Day is often marked by other, more joyful ceremonies: colourful parades, sports competitions.6.Independence Day, July, 4th:On this day, in 1776, America signed the Declaration of Independence. It is a national public holiday celebrated with fireworks and speeches praising "Americanism, democracy, free enterprise".7.Labor Day, the first Monday in September:It is a holiday of recreation. It marks the end of summer and the beginning of autumn. Vacation time is over. Resorts, camps and beaches close ... Parents go to summer camps and take their children back home.8.Halloween, October, 31st:Halloween is the day or evening before All Saints' Day. Halloween customs date back to a time when people believed in devils, witches and ghosts. They thought that these evil spirits could do all kinds of damage to property. Some people tried to ward off witches by painting magic signs on their barns. Others tried to scare them away by nailing a piece of iron, such as a horseshoe, over the door. Now most people do not believe in evil spirits. On this day they just have a nice holiday. Children dress up as ghosts and witches and go out into the streets to beg. They go from house to house and say: "Trick of treat!", meaning "Give me a treat or I'll play a trick on you". People give them candy, cookies and apples. A favourite custom is to make a jack-o'-lantem. Children scrape out a pumpkin and cut the outlines of eyes, nose and mouth in its side. They light a candle inside the pumpkin to scare their friends. This custom refers to a man named Jack who still wanders around the earth lighting his way with a pumpkin lantern.
8.Veterans Day:On this day, the radio and television broadcast services held at the National Cemetery in Arlington. High officials come from Washington to attend these services. They place a wreath of flowers at the tomb of the Unknown Soldier. All stand in silence for a few minutes at eleven o'clock to honour the memory of the servicemen killed in the two World Wars.9.Thanksgiving Day, the fourth Thursday in November:In the USA it is a national holiday. It was first celebrated in 1621 by the Pilgrim Fathers after their first good harvest. Thanksgiving is a family day, for it is customary for all members of the family to gather at the home of their parents. The family eats a large traditional dinner, usually with turkey, cranberry sauce and pumpkin pie.
Vocabulary:
Strikingly-поразительно
Similarities-сходство
Major-важный
Midnight-полночь
blow whistles- свистесть в свесткиin honour- в честь
heart-сердце
to commemorate- в память
bargain- сделка
Easter-пасха
Resurrection- воскрешение
Vacation- каникулы
Throughout-повсюду
Navy-военно-морской флот
Turkey-индейка
Cranberry-клюква
pumpkin pie- тыквенный пирог
spirit- дух
horseshoe-подкова
Independence- независимость
Упражнение 22.2. Переведите следующие словосочетания:
Разительно отличаться по происхождению; выходной день от работы; посмотреть как уходит старый новый год; свистеть в свистки; стрелять из оружия; изображение сердца; первый президент; великий пост; открыть службу до восхода солнца; принесет удачу в течении года; отдать дань военнослужащим; ставить флаги на могилах; мемориальные службы в церквях; красочные парады; американизм,демократия и свободу предпринимательству; верить в чертей,ведьм и приведений; пригвоздить кусок железа; блуждающий фонарь; могила неизвестного солдат.
Домашнее задание: пересказ об одном празднике в США.
Практическое занятие № 23.
Тема: Роль английского языка в мире.
Цель: Формирование навыков чтения с применением различных стратегий
Упржнение 23.1. Прочтите и переведите текст.
Why Should We Learn English?
Students should learn English because today it’s the language of the world. Today knowledge of foreign languages is especially important because they are the main and the most efficient means of information exchange between the people of our planet.
Over 350 million people in the world speak English as a mother tongue. The native speakers of English live in Great Britain, in the United States of America, Australia and New Zeland. English is one of the official languages in the Irish Republic, Canada and South African Republic. As a second language it’s used in the former British and US colonies.
English is the major international language for communication in such areas as science, technology, business and mass media. English is used as one of the official languages of the United Nations Organisation and other political organization. It’s the language of computer software, literature, education, modern music and international tourism.
Learning a foreign language is a long and slow process that takes a lot of time and patient. But every educated person, every good specialist has to know English because it’s absolutely necessary nowdays.
It’s well known that reading books and magazines in the original, watching films and talking with the native speakers helps a lot. When learning a foreign language you learn the culture and history of the country where this language is spoken.
Vocabulary:
Exchange- обмен
Software-компьютерные программы
Patience-настойчивость
Native speakers-носители языка
Mass media- средства массовой информации
Упражнение 23.2. Ответьте на вопросы:
Why do we need to learn foreign languages now?
How many people in the world speak English?
What English-speaking countries do you know?
In what areas is English mostly used?
What are the main difficulties for you in learning foreign languages?
Упражнение 23.3. Найдите в тексте предложения, подтвержающую необходимость английского языка в современном мире.
Упражнение 23.4. Переведите следующие словосочетания на английский:
Современная музыка, язык мира, знание английского языка, обмен информацией, официальный язык, политические организации, международный туризм, медленный процесс, занимать много времени и сил, образованный человек, чтение книг в оригинале, история страны.
Домашнее задание: Пересказ текста
Практическое занятие № 24.
Тема: Праздники в Великобритании.
Цель: Введение и первичное закрепление ЛЕ
Упражнение 24.1. Прочтите и переведите текст.
Holidays in Great Britain
There are many holidays in Great Britain. They are Christmas day, Boxing Day, New Year's day, Easter, May Day, Spring bank holiday and Summer bank holiday. Public holidays in Great Britain are called bank holidays because the banks as well as most of the offices and shops are closed. The most popular holiday is Christmas. Every year the people of Norway make a present to the city of London. It is a big Xmas tree which is placed on Trafalgar square. Central streets are beautifully decorated. During Xmas groups of singers go from house to house. They collect money for charity and sing carols, traditional Christmas songs. Many churches hold carol services on the Sunday before Xmas. The fun starts the night before, on the 24 of December. This is the day when people decorate their trees. Children hang stockings above their beds, hoping that Santa Claus will come at night and fill them with toys and sweets. Xmas is a family holiday. Relatives prepare for the big Xmas dinner of turkey and Xmas pudding and everyone makes and receives presents. The 26th of December, Boxing Day, is an extra holiday after Xmas. This is the time to meet friends or sit at home and watch TV. New Year's day is less popular in Britain then Xmas.
Besides public holidays there are some special holidays in Britain. One of them takes place on the 5th of November. On that day in 1605 Guy Fawkes tried to blow up the House of Parliament and to kill King James I. But he didn't succeed. The King's men found the bomb and took Guy Fawkes to the Tower. Since that day the British celebrate the 5th of November.There are also some smaller and lesser known holidays in Great Britain.
Vocabulary:
Holiday-праздник
Easter-пасха
Christmas-рождество
Present-подарок
Square-площадь
To decorate-украшать
Charity-благотворительность
Carols-рождественский гимн
Church-церковь
Stocking-чулок
Relative-родственники
Guy Fawkes- Гай Фокс
King-король
Tower-башня
Упражнение 24.2. Какие из следующих высказываний правильными или нет?Christmas on the 7th of January.
People celebrate Boxing Day on the 27th of December.
Every year the people of Norway make a present to the city of London.
Christmas is an important autumn holiday for the British.
Christmas dinner consists only fruit and vegetables.
Упражнение 24.3. Найдите следующие словосочетания в тексте.
Закрытие магазинов; наиболее популярный; делать подарок; центральная улица; собирать деньги для благотворительности; найти бомбу; поджечь парламент; украшать елку; петь рождественские гимны; получать подарки; наполнить чулки игрушками и сладостями; встречаться с друзьями.Домашнее задание: Выучить ЛЕ
Практическое занятие № 25
Тема: Основные типы вопросов; безличные предложения.
Цель: Формирование лексико-грамматических навыков говорения
Основные теоретические положения:
Типы вопросов
1. Общие вопросы
Вопросы, требующие ответа да или нет, называются общими.
Порядок слов в общем вопросе
Вспомогательный или модальный глагол Подлежащее Смысловой глагол Дополнения и обстоятельства
AreYouCryingnow?
Ты сейчас плачешь?
Have TheyReadthe book today?
Они сегодня читали книгу?
CanWeCallthem?
Можем ли мы позвонить им?
DoesSheLoveme?
Она любит меня?
Если сказуемое выражено глаголами to be или to have в Present или Past Simple, то оно ставится перед подлежищим.
IsHein London?
Он в Лондоне?
Have Theya car?
У них есть машина?
Если глагол to be употребляется в качестве глагола-связки, то он ставится перед подлежащим, а именная часть сказуемого - после подлежащего.
IsHean economist?
Он экономист?
2. Разделительные (расчлененные) вопросы
Разделительный вопрос задается в том случае, если говорящий хочет получить подтверждение своего высказывания. Подобные вопросы состоят из двух частей: повествовательной и вопросительной.
Правило
Если говорящий задает вопрос, и при этом повествовательная часть утвердительна, то вопросительная часть будет отрицательной.
Mary is very polite, isnot she? Мария очень вежлива, не так ли?
Tom likes action films, does not he? Том любит боевики, не правда ли?
She can help us, can't she? Она может помочь нам, не так ли?
Правило
Если говорящий задает вопрос, и при этом повествовательная часть отрицательна, то вопросительная часть будет утвердительной.
Kate doesn't love her husband, does she? Катя не любит своего мужа, не правда ли?
Our friend can't translate this text, can he? Наш друг не сможет перевести этот текст, не так ли?
They don't go to the theatre, do they? Они не ходят в театр, не правда ли?
Ответы на разделительные (расчлененные) вопросы
Вопрос Ответ, выражающий
согласие с говорящимнесогласие с говорящимПовествовательная часть вопросаутвердительная.
Her teacher likes flowers, doesn't she? Yes, she does. No, she doesn't.
Ее учительница любит цветы, правда ли? Да, любит. Нет, не любит.
Повествовательная часть вопросаотрицательная.
Mary hasn't ever seen his children, has she? No, she hasn't. Yes, she has.
Мария никогда не видела его детей, не так ли? Нет (да), не видела. Нет, видела.
3. Специальные вопросы
Вопросы, которые в ответе требуют какой-то дополнительной информации, называются специальными. Подобные вопросы начинаются с вопросительного слова.
Порядок слов в специальном вопросе
Вопросительное слово Вспомогательный или модальный глагол Подлежащее Смысловой глагол Дополнения и обстоятельства
WhenWillYoubuythat book?
Когда ты купишь ту книгу?
HowCanYoustayhere?
Как вы можете оставаться здесь?
4. Вопросы к подлежащему
Вопросы к подлежащему начинаются с вопросительных местоимений Who? Кто?, What? Что?В вопросе они заменяют подлежащее, за которыми следует сказуемое (вспомогательный, модальный или смысловой глагол). В отличие от других типов вопросов, в вопросах к подлежащему сохраняется порядок слов повествовательного предложения.Глагол после What? и Who? в роли подлежащего употребляется в 3-м лице единственного числа.
Порядок слов в вопросе к подлежащему
Подлежащее Сказуемое Дополнения Обстоятельства
Whois washinga carin the garage?
Кто моет машину в гараже?
Whatis lying- on the windowsill?
Что лежит на подоконнике?
WhoRepairsyour sink? -
Кто ремонтирует твою раковину?
WhoBroughtthese boxeshere yesterday?
Кто принес эти ящики сюда вчера?
5. Вопросы к определению подлежащего
В вопросах к определению подлежащего также сохраняется порядок слов повествовательного предложения. Такие вопросы начинаются с: What? - Какой? Which? - Который? Whose? - Чей? How much/how many? - Сколько? За данными вопросительными словами следует подлежащее.
Примеры
What airplane is standing there? - Какой самолет стоит там?
Whose friends invited you? - Чьи друзья пригласили тебя?
How many elephants live in the zoo? - Сколько слонов живет в зоопарке?
Упражнение 25.1. Поставьте слова в правильном порядке.
Пример: does / he / train / how / often? – How often does he train?
summer / Paris / to / went / last/ who?
flowers / Mike’s / grow / in / what / garden?
now / where / they / walking / are?
charge / denied / why / has / a / Lola?
When / visit / grandmother / will / we / our?
Упражнение 25.2. Выберите правильный вариант ответа.
1. The view was overwhelming, …?a) was it
b) wasn’t it
c) does it
2. You mustn’t eat junk food, …?a) do you
b) must you
c) mustn’t3. The monkeys swim and dive in the water, …?a) do they
b) does they
c) don’t they
4. We will participate in this conference, …?a) won’t we?
b) do we?
c) will we?
5. My trainer is not very muscular, …?a) does he
b) is he
c) isn’t heУпражнение 52.3. Поставьте вопрос к подлежащему.
Пример: Jane works for a law firm. – Who works for a law firm?
Tony has married.
This city was occupied by fascists.
Today we will attend a new museum.
His car needs urgent repairing.
Darla cooked a tasty cake yesterday.
Домашнее задание: Составить предложения
Практическое занятие № 26.
Тема: Основные типы вопросов; безличные предложения.
Цель: Тренировка лексико-грамматических навыков говорения
Основные теоретические положения:
В английском языке в безличных предложениях подлежащее есть, но оно не выражает лицо или предмет, которое совершает действие. Функцию этого формального подлежащего выражает местоимение it, которое на русский язык обычно не переводится.
Безличные предложения употребляются:
1. При обозначении:
а) времени:
It is 6 o'clock. 6 часов.It is late. Поздно.
б) расстояния:
It is three miles from here. (Это) в трёх милях отсюда.
в) явлений природы, состояния погоды, эмоционального состояния человека:
It is winter. Зима.It is cold. Холодно.It is snowing (raining). Идет снег (дождь).
2. При наличии безличных оборотов it seems — кажется, it appears — очевидно, по-видимому, it happens —оказывается.
It happened that nobody had taken the key to the flat.Оказалось, что никто не взял ключ от квартиры.It seems that I have left my textbook at home. Кажется, (что) я оставил учебник дома.
Упражнение 26.1. Распределите следующие безличные предложения на три группы: «Погода и явления природы», «Время и расстояние» и «Оценка действия, отношение к факту». Переведите предложения.
It always rains in autumn.
It was impossible to reach her by phone.
It snowed heavily last December.
It was six o’clock already.
It is much cheaper to get here by train.
It was getting cold.
It is early morning.
It's 10 degrees above zero.
It’s quite expensive to buy a brand new car.
It’s quite far from the post-office.
It will be 5 kilometres to the village.
It was quiet and mysterious up in the mountains.
It wasn’t cloudy this afternoon.
It’s noon.
It won’t be easy to find an experienced baby-sitter.
Упражнение 26.2. Ответьте на вопросы, используя подсказки в скобках. Обратите внимание на время глагола в вопросах.
How long will it take him to become a doctor? (six years)
How long does it take you to get to the restaurant? (40 minutes)
How long did it take her to prepare this salad? (2 hours)
How long does it take your son to cook an omelette? (10 minutes)
How long did it take Bob to master English? (about 5 years)
Упражнение 26.3 Задайте общие вопросы к безличным предложениям.
It’s time to get up.
It was getting dark.
It takes him 3 minutes to get dressed.
It will be late to apologize.
It rained heavily last night.
Упражнение 26. 4. Преобразуйте предложения в прошедшее время.
It’s a pity to find him ill.
It seems to me that Anna is 17.
It will be foggy. (Будет туманно.)
It won’t take much time to mend your shoes.
It isn’t far from here to the city centre.
Домашнее задание: Выучить правило
Практическое занятие № 27
Тема: Праздники в России.
Цель: Введение и первичное закрепление ЛЕ
Упражнение 27.1. Прочтите и переведите текст.
Holidays in Russia
Like the whole world, Russian people love celebrating their holidays. Celebrations in Russia reflect many aspects of its history, culture and traditions. Some Russian festivities are official public holidays and government offices, schools and banks have their days off. These are New Year (January, 1st – 5th), Orthodox Christmas (January, 7th), Defender of the Motherland Day (February, 23rd), International Women’s Day (March, 8th), Spring and Labour Day (May, 1st), Victory Day (May, 9th), Russia Day (June, 12th), National Unity Day (November, 4th) and Constitution Day (December, 12th).
The Russians usually celebrate holidays with plenty of food and presents. The most popular holiday is New Year’s Day. Russian people decorate fir-trees, cook delicious meals, make fireworks. All children wait for Father Frost and his granddaughter Snegurochka to get presents from them. On Christmas people visit their relatives and friends and tell fortunes.
Defender of the Motherland Day is also known as Men’s Day because all Russian men and boys, active servicemen and war veterans get warm greetings and special presents from their families, friends and colleagues. International Women’s Day has been celebrated in Russia since 1913 and it is the day for all mothers, sisters, wives, daughters and girlfriends. Spring and Labour Day appeared in Russia on the 1st of May in 1890 after the strike of Chicago workers who demanded an 8-hour working day.
Victory Day is a sacred and dramatic holiday for Russia. The whole country commemorates millions of victims of the Great Patriotic war. Russia Day became a national holiday after the Declaration of Sovereignty was adopted in 1991. And National Unity Day commemorates the liberation of Moscow from Polish occupation in 1612 and it is celebrated with parades. Constitution Day is a celebration of the adoption of the Russian Federation Constitution in 1993.
Unofficial Russian holidays are also observed. There are religious and foreign celebrations among them: Old New Year (January, 14th), St. Valentine’s Day (February, 14th), Orthodox Easter Sunday, Maslenitsa, Cosmonaut’s Day (April, 12th), Halloween (October, 30th) and Mothering Sunday (in November).
Some Russians celebrate the New Year according to the Julian calendar that was used in Russia before 1918 and they call this holiday Old New Year. Easter is always celebrated with painted eggs and church services. Maslenitsa is a holiday of meeting the Russian spring with such rituals as eating pancakes and burning a dummy of winter.
Vocabulary:
To celebrate-праздновать
Government-правительство
Day off-выходной
Victory-победа
Labour-труд
To demand-требовать
Commemorate-память
Victim-жертва
To adopt-принять
Occupation-оккупация
To observe-наблюдать
According-в соответствие
Egg-яйцо
Pancake-блин
Dummy-чучело
To burn-поджигать
Упражнение 27.2. найдите следующие словосочетания в тексте:
Праздники отражают аспекты истории; международный женский день; украшать елку; дети ждут Деда Мороза и Снегурочку; старый новый год; есть блины; сжигать чучело; ветераны; день труда; разукрашивать яйца; посещение церкви.
Упражнение 27.2. Продолжите предложения:
New Year is celebrated on the……………
Defender of the Motherland Day is celebrated on the……………
St. Valentine’s Day is celebrated on the……………
International Women’s Day is celebrated on the……………
Victory Day is celebrated on the……………
Cosmonaut’s Day is celebrated on the……………
Домашнее задание: Выучить ЛЕ
Практическое занятие № 28.
Тема: Праздники.
Цель: Активизация лексико-грамматического материала в устной речи.
Упражнение 28.1. Переведите предложения:
1.Is it winter now in that part of the country? 2.It isn't spring yet. . 3.It wasn't dark yet when we got back. 4.It won't be cold in September, I hope.
5.It's summer now. 6.It was nine o'clock when we got home.
Упражнение 28.2. Посмотрите на список праздников в Великобритании. Соедините праздник с датой его празднования.
December, 31 Easter
April – MayNew YearMay, 9 Women's DayJanuary, 7 the Day of KnowledgeMarch, 8 Victory DayThe 1st of September ChristmasУпражнение 28.3. Прочитайте характеристики праздников и попытайтесь дать им название.
The 26th of December, is an extra holiday after Christmas Day. This is the time to visit friends and relatives or perhaps sit at home and watch football New Year
The first of January, New Year’s Day, is a big holiday in Scotland. Scottish people celebrate New Year’s Eve in every family. Friends usually come on that day.
They have a good dinner. After dinner there are apples, other fruit, and different sweets to eat. Then all the family and the friends begin to play games and dance. Before twelve o’clock at night many people in the towns go out into the streets to dance and to sing songs.
Boxing Day
It celebrates on the 14th of February. People send Valentine’s cards to someone they love.February 14 is the anniversary of his death.
It may be for the person who receives the gift. The day is the time to send little gifts to those you love. Flowers and candy are favourite presents which sweethearts send to each other.
Mother's Day
In March there is also a holiday for English women. People in the family try to make it a day off for Mother and help her in any way they can. On that day they visit their mothers and give them some presents. St. Valentine’s Day.
It is the Friday before Easter Sunday. On this day, Christians remember the day when Jesus was crucified on a cross. The name may be derived from 'God's Friday' in the same way that good-bye is derived from 'God be with ye'. It is traditional to eat warm 'hot cross buns'. The pastry cross on top of the buns symbolizes and reminds Christians of the cross that Jesus was killed on. Easter
It is the most important holiday of the year. Easter egg is called pysanka. Preparation for Easter starts seven weeks ahead of time with the advent of Lent. Believers don't eat meat and animal products. Palm Sunday, the week before Easter, is known as Willow Sunday. People bring home willow branches which have been blessed in church. The week is dedicated to preparing for Easter. The Thursday before Easter is called Clean Thursday. According to the tradition one should bathe before sunrise on this day. The house must be clean too. Good Friday is the day that the women of the family bake "paska", Easter bread. On Saturday children dye Easter eggs to add to the Easter basket which will be blessed in church. It also includes pysanka, salt, paska, sausage and ham. In the evening people go to church for the Easter mass, which lasts all night. Good Friday
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Практическое занятие №29
Тема: «Мой любимый праздник»
Цель: Совершенствование навыков устной речи
Упражнение 29.1. Прочитайте, переведите слова и выражения, назовите праздники, к описанию которых они подходят.
To give and receive presents, go from house to house, sing carols, collect money for charity, traditional dinner, turkey and Christmas pudding, go to church services, eat Easter eggs and hot cross buns, send cards, Valentines, dress up as witches and ghosts, make lamps from pumpkins.
Упражнение 29.2. Составьте и разыграйте диалог, используя данные выражения.
- I say, … , what British holiday do you like most of all?
- As for me, I like … very much.
- Why?
- Because it’s fun. Besides, you can receive presents.
- I see.
Упражнение 29.3. Расскажите о своем любимом празднике.
When is it celebrated?
What people do on this holiday?
Why do you like this holiday?
Example: Christmas is celebrated on the 25th of December. People usually have turkey and pudding for dinner. Besides, they sing carols. As for me I like this holiday because it is fun.
Домашнее задание: повторить ЛЕ
Тема 5. Образование в России и за рубежом, среднее профессиональное образование.
Практическое занятие №30
Тема: Образовательная система в Великобритании
Цель: Введение и первичное закрепление ЛЕ
Education in Great Britain
Twelve million children attend about 40.000 schools in Britain. Education in Great Britain is compulsory and free for all children between the ages of 5 and 16. There are many children who attend a nursery school from the age of 3, but it is not compulsory. In nursery schools they learn some elementary things such as numbers, colours, and letters. Apart from that, babies play, have lunch and sleep there. Whatever they do, there is always someone keeping an eye on them.
Compulsory education begins at the age of 5 when children go to primary school. Primary education lasts for 6 years. It is divided into two periods: infant schools (pupils from 5 to 7 years old) and junior schools (pupils from 7 to 11 years old). In infant schools children don't have real classes. They mostly play and learn through playing. It is the time when children just get acquainted with the classroom, the blackboard, desks and the teacher. But when pupils are 7, real studying begins. They don't already play so much as they did it in infant school. Now they have real classes, when they sit at desks, read, write and answer the teacher's questions.
Compulsory secondary education begins when children are 11 or 12 and lasts for 5 years. Secondary school is traditionally 5 forms: a form to each year. Children study English, Mathematics, Science, History, Art, Geography, Music, a Foreign language and have lessons of Physical training. Religious education is also provided. English, Mathematics and Science are called "core" subjects. At the age of 7,11 and 14 pupils take examinations in the core subjects.
There are 3 types of state secondary schools in Great Britain. They are:
1) comprehensive schools, which take pupils of all abilities without exams. In such schools pupils are often put into certain sets or groups, which are formed according to their abilities for technical or humanitarian subjects. Almost all senior pupils (around 90 per cent) go there;
2) grammar schools, which give secondary education of a very high standard. Entrance is based on the test of ability, usually at 11. Grammar schools are single sexed schools;
3) modern schools, which don't prepare pupils for universities. Education in such schools gives good prospects for practical jobs.
After five years of secondary education, at the age of 16, pupils take the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) examination. When they are in the third or in the forth form, they begin to choose their exam subjects and prepare for them.
After finishing the fifth form pupils can make their choice: they may either leave school and go to a Further Education College or continue their education in the sixth form. Those who stay at school after GCSE, study for 2 more years for "A' (Advanced) Level Exams in two or three subjects which is necessary to get a place at one of British universities.
There are also about 500 private schools in Great Britain. Most of these schools are boarding ones, where children live as well as study. Education in such schools is very expensive, that's why only 5 per cent of schoolchildren attend them. Private schools are also called preparatory (for children up to 13 years old) and public schools (for pupils from 13 to 18 years old). Any pupil can enter the best university of the country after leaving this school. The most famous British public schools are Eton, Harrow and Winchester.
After leaving secondary school young people can apply to a university, a polytechnic or a college of further education.
Vocabulary:
To attend- присутствовать
Secondary school-средняя школа
Public school-государственная школа
To leave-оставить
To apply-применять
Education-образование
Expensive- дорогой
To continue-продолжать
nursery school- детский сад
primary school- начальная школа
infant schools- дошкольные образовательные учреждения
comprehensive schools- общеобразовательная школа
Ability- способность
To choose- выбрать
Subject-предмет
Necessary-необходимый
To divide into-делить на
Desk-парта
Упражнение 30.1. Ответьте на вопросы:
When do British children start schooling?
How do they call schools for five years old children?
Is primary school compulsory for children or not?
In what types of schools is primary education given in Britain?
At what age do children usually finish infant & junior schools?
After finishing primary school children go to secondary schools, don’t they?
What types of secondary school do you know?
How long can pupils stay in secondary schools?
When do they take their 1st public exam?
Where will children go after the fifth form if they decide to continue their education?
Is schooling in the sixth form compulsory in Britain?
What kind of exam do they take after the sixth form?
Where will children go after the fifth form if they decide to leave school?
Домашнее задание: заполните таблицу:
Вид образовательного учреждения Возраст Особенности учреждения
Практическое занятие №31
Тема: Образовательная система в США.
Цель: Развитие навыков чтения
Упражнение 31.1. Прочтите и переведите текст.
Education in the United States of America
Education in the United States of America is compulsory for children from the age of 6 till 16 (or 18). It involves 12 years of schooling. A school year starts at the end of August or at the beginning of September and ends in late June or early July. The whole school year is divided into three terms/trimesters or four quarters. American students have winter, spring and summer holidays which last 2 or 3 weeks and 6 or 8 weeks, respectively. The length of the school year varies among the states as well as the day length. Students go to school 5 days a week.
The American education system consists of 3 basic components: elementary, secondary and higher education. There is also such a notion as preschool education. At the age of 4 or 5 children just get acquainted with the formal education in a nursery school. The preschool education programme aims to prepare children for elementary school through playing and help them to acquire the experience of association. It lasts for one year. Then they go to the first grade (or grade 1).
Elementary education starts when pupils are 6 years old. The programme of studies in the elementary school includes the following subjects: English, Arithmetic, Geography, History of the USA, Natural sciences, Physical Training, Singing, Drawing, wood or metal work. The education is mostly concentrated on the basic skills (speaking, reading, writing and arithmetic). Sometimes children also learn some foreign languages, general history and such new subjects as drug and sex education. The main goal of elementary education is the general intellectual, social and physical development of a pupil from 5 to 12 or 15 years old.
Secondary education begins when children move on to high or secondary school in the ninth grade, where they continue their studies until the twelfth grade. The secondary school curriculum is built around specific subjects rather than general skills. Although there is always a number of basic subjects in the curriculum: English, Mathematics, Science, Social Studies and Physical Education, the students have an opportunity to learn some elective subjects, which are not necessary for everybody.
After the first two years of education they can select subjects according to their professional interests. The electives are to be connected with the students' future work or further education at university or college. Every high school has a special teacher — a guidance counselor who helps the students to choose these elective subjects. Moreover, he helps them with some social problems, too. The elective courses are different in various schools.
Members of each grade in high school have special names: students in the ninth grade are called freshmen, tenth graders are called sophomores, eleventh graders are juniors and as for twelfth graders, they are seniors.
After graduating from high schools the majority of the Americans go on studying at higher education establishments. In universities they have to study for four years to get a bachelor's degree. In order to get a master's degree they must study two years more and, besides, be engaged in a research work.
Vocabulary:
To involve- вовлекать
Length-длина
Sophomores-второкурсники
higher education-высшее образование
Physical Training-физкультура
Drug- наркотики
Development-развитие
To select- выбирать
To be connected- связанный с..Future- будущее
A research work- доктор наук
a bachelor's degree-бакалавр
Упражнение 31.2. соедините начало и конец предложений:
A school year starts at the end of August
American students have winter, spring and summer
students in the ninth grade
In universities they have to study
Secondary education begins when
. After the first two years of education they can a. for four years to get a bachelor's degree.
b. are called freshmen
c. select subjects according to their professional interests.
d. children move on to high or secondary school in the ninth grade
e. or at the beginning of September
f. holidays
Упражнение 31.3. Продолжите следующие предложения:
students in the ninth grade are called ………..
tenth graders are called …………..
eleventh graders are …………
Education in the United States of America involves ……….
The preschool education programme aims ………….
In universities they have to study for four years to get ………..
Домашнее задание: пересказ текста
Практическое занятие №32
Тема: Образовательная система в России
Цель: Формирование лексико-грамматических навыков говорения
Упражнение 32.1. Прочтите и переведите текст.
Education in Russia
The Russian children usually start to go to school when they are seven years old. First the children learn at the elementary school. They visit the elementary school for four years. The children get there the elementary education. It means they learn to count, to read and to write. In the most schools the children also learn a foreign language beginning from the second form.
The fifth form means the beginning of the secondary education. The children learn different subjects, for example Biology, Literature, Chemistry, Physics, Informatics. In Russia the nine-year basic incomplete secondary education is compulsory. After that the children have to decide what they will do from now forth. On the one hand, they can continue their schooling and get the complete eleven-year secondary education. On the other hand, they can enter a college giving them the complete secondary education and trade training. After graduating from college the young people became financially independent and can start to work.
Currently there are different types of schools in Russia. The children and their parents can choose a regular school, a school with advanced study of some subject, a private school. Private schools in Russia are always fee-paying.
After graduating from school or college our young people can enter universities or institutes, where they get higher education.
Vocabulary:
Fee-paing-платное
To graduate-оканчивать
Higher education-высшее образование
To count-считать
Language-язык
Different-разные
On the one hand- с одной стороны
Young-молодые
Independent-независимые
Private school- частные школы
To learn- учить
Упражнение 32.2. Ответьте на вопросы.
When do Russian children start schooling?
How do they call schools for five years old children?
Is primary school compulsory for children or not?
After finishing primary school children go to secondary schools, don’t they?
How long can pupils stay in secondary schools?
When do they take their 1st public exam?
Where will children go after the fifth form if they decide to continue their education?
What kind of exam do they take after the 9th form?
Where will children go after the 11th form if they decide to leave school?
Упражнение 32.3. Переведите следующие словосочетания:
Начальную школу дети посещают 4 года; начальное образование; получение среднего образования; девятилетнее образование; продолжить обучение; поступить в колледж; обучение по специальности; независимые в финансовом положении; углубленное изучение предмета; частные школы всегда платные.
Домашнее задание: Составить план пересказа текста
Практическое занятие №33
Тема: Английские университеты.
Цель: Развитие навыков чтения с применением различных стратегий текста
Упражнениее 33.1. Прочтите и переведите текст.
What Are the Oldest Universities in Britain?
All English universities except Oxford and Cambridge are fairly new. The University of Oxford was the first university in Britain. It was orginesed in the 12th century as a federation of colleges. They are governed by their own teaching staff known as ‘ Fellows’. The oldest college, University College, was founded in 1249. Other famous colleges are: All Souls ( founded in 1438), Christ Church ( founded in 1546) and the first women’s college Lady Margaret Hall ( founded in 1878). Today, Oxford University consisits of 35 separate colleges, of which two are for women students only.
Cambridge University is also organized as a federation of colleges. Cambridge was established by scholars from Oxford in 1208. The oldest college Peterhouse, was founded in 1284. The largest college, Trinity, was founded by King Henry 8 in 1546.
Scotland also has a number of universities established long ago. By the end of the Middle Ages Scotland had four universities at Edinburgh ( founded 1583), Glasgow ( founded 1450), Aberdeen ( founded 1494) and St Andrew’s ( founded 1411).
The University of Wales was founded in 1893. It consists of six colleges. The oldest university is St David’s Unoversity College in Lampeter, founded in 1822.
Queen’s University in Belfast, Nothern Ireland, was founded in 1845 as part of the Queen’s University of Ireland which had other colleges at Cork and Galway.
London University is the biggest of the modern English universities and has many colleges and schools.
Vocabulary:
Faculty-факультет
Department- кафедра
Arts- гуманитарные науки
Law-правоведение
Medicine-медицина
Science-наука
Theology-богословие
Engineering- технический
Rconomics-экономика
Commerce-бизнессAgriculture- сельское хозяйство
Technology- технические и прикладные науки
Staff-штат преподавателей
Lecturer- звание преподавателя университета
To admit-принимать
To provide- предоставлять
Hostel- студенческое общежитие
College- университетский колледж
Technical college-техническое высшее учебнгое заведение
Practice teaching-преподавательская практика
Scholar-ученый
School-факультет университета
Упражнение 29.1. Ответьте на вопросы:
What is the difference between faculties and departments of a university?
Who is t the head of each faculty?
Who gives lectures to students?
Do all universities admit both men and women?
What are the types of colleges in England?
What are the oldest universities in England?
What are the oldest universities in Scotland?
What is the oldest university in Wales?
What is the oldest university in Northern Ireland?
Упражнение 33.2. Найдите начало и конец предложений:
The University of Oxford
The oldest college, University College
Cambridge University is also
The University of Wales
London University is the biggest of the
The first women’s college Lady Margaret Hall. a. was founded in 1893.
b. modern English universities
c. was founded in 1878
d. was the first university in Britain.
e. was founded in 1249.
f. organized as a federation of colleges.
Домашнее задание: Повторить ЛЕ и грамматический материал
Практическое занятие №34
Тема: Мой колледж. Моя будущая профессия.
Цель: Развитие навыков устной монологической и диалогической речи
My college
My name is Elena. I’m sixteen years old. I live in Khrenovoe, Russia. I have recently graduated from my high school and entered the Khrenovskoy Forestry College. It is one of the best colleges in my village. Besides, I have always wanted to study forestry after school. I really like this college and some of my close friends have also applied to study here. The entrance exams included Math and Russian and I passed both of them with excellent marks. I am delighted to study such subjects as Anatomy, English, Science, Physical Education and others. Our college is rather well equipped.
There is a large sports ground outside and one gym inside. There is also a library with a good choice of books. Actually, this college is one of the oldest educational college in the region and in Russia. It was founded in 1888. Today, the college provides basic and advanced training in such specialties as forester, accounting, park management and some other branches. Today, the Khrenovskoy Forestry College of is one of the most prestigious and reliable college in the region. Thousands of young people can get decent education at this college.
Vocabulary:
To live-жить
Graduate-закончить
Entrance exam-вступительные экзамены
To include- включать
Library-библиотека
Region-область
Park management-лесопарковое хозяйство
Branch-отрасль
Упражнение 34.1. Вставьте предлоги, где необходимо:
I live _____ Khrenovoe.
Our college is rather _____ well equipped.
It is one of the best colleges _____ my village.
It was founded ______ 1888.
I passed both ____ them with excellent marks.
Упражнение 34.2. Какие из этих утверждений являются неверными:
The entrance exams included English and Biology.
The main character passed both exam with bad marks.
College is one of the youngest educational college.
The college is not well equipped.
Today, the college provides basic and advanced training in such specialties as dentistry, midwifery, paramedics, pharmacy, laboratory diagnosis, and some other branches.
Домашнее задание: Написать рассказ о колледже
ГБПОУ ВО «ХЛК им. Г. Ф. Морозова»
МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ
по выполнению практических работ
по дисциплине «Иностранный язык» (английский)
для студентов 2 курса специальности
35.02.01 «Лесное и лесопарковое хозяйство»
с. Слобода, 2015