Учебное пособие. Состоит из четырех разделов на тематической основе по специальности студентов, а именно: What is Sport, Equipment and Facilities, Getting in Shape and Recreation, Coaching and Career Prospects.

МИНИСТЕРСТВО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И НАУКИ ДНР
Донецкий политехнический техникум
АГЕЕВА В.В.
СПОРТ
Sport.Донецк 2017
Составитель преподаватель высшей категории Агеева В.В. Спорт. Учебное пособие – Донецк, 2017 – 56 с.
Рецензент Т.Г. Навричевская – преподаватель-методист, специалист высшей категории, председатель предметной комиссии иностранных языков
Учебное пособие «Олимпийский и профессиональный спорт» по английскому языку для специальности 49.02.01 Физическая культура. Он состоит из четырех разделов на тематической основе по специальности студентов, а именно: What is Sport, Equipment and Facilities, Getting in Shape and Recreation, Coaching and Career Prospects.
Целью пособия является развитие рецептивных и репродуктивных навыков в изучении английского языка, использование их в практических коммуникативных ситуациях.
Пособие содержит разнообразные и разноуровневые тексты и упражнения, которые направлены на проверку понимания информации и использования ее для развития языковых навыков. Грамматически-лексические упражнения позволяют студентам преодолеть трудности, появляющиеся при общении на иностранном языке.
Пособие можно использовать для практической и самостоятельной работы студентов.
© Агеева В.В., 2017
Unit 1. WHAT IS SPORT?
Exercise 1. Memorize the following words and word combinations:
to take part – брать участие; to watch – смотреть; to care – заботиться; to catch colds – простудиться; to include – включать; to keep – поддерживать; participant – участник; campus (Am) – студенческий городок.
Exercise 2. Read the text and insert the missing words:
health; 2) watch; 3) subject; 4) care; 5) includes; 6) competitions;
popular; 8) catch; 9) sportsmen; 10) interested; 11) exercises; 12) participants; 13) take part; 14) sports grounds; 15) gymnastics.
SPORT AND A HEALTHY WAY OF LIFE
Sport is very important in our life. It is… a)… among young and old people.
Many people do morning… b)…, jog in the morning, train themselves in clubs, in different sections and… c)… in sport competitions.
Other people like sports too, but they only… d)… sports games, listen to sports news. They prefer reading interesting stories about… e)… But they don't go in for sports.
Physical training is an important… f) … at colleges. Students have got physical training lessons once a week. They play volley-ball and basket-ball in the sport grounds. There are… g)… at the students campus and students go in for sports in the open air.
A lot of different… h)… are held at universities, a great number of students take part in them. All… i)… try to get good results and become winners. Sport helps people to keep in good… j)… If you go in for sports, you have good health and don't… k)… colds.
Children and grown-ups must take… l)… of their health and do morning exercises regularly.
There are some popular kinds of sports in our country: football, volley-ball, hockey,… m)…, skiing, skating. Athletics is one of the most popular kinds of sports. It… n)… such kinds of sports as running, jumping and others. Everybody may choose the sport he (or she) is… o)… in.
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Speaking. Talk about your attitude to sport.
Vocabulary
1.1. Sport
Memorize the sport terms to express your idea of the sport you are keen on Sport is a physical activity in which people or teams play against each other and try to win.
e.g. My favourite sports are basketball and motor-racing.
British people usually use the expression to do sport while Americans prefer to play sport.
e.g. Do you play any sports? / I have been doing much sport lately.
Sport can also be an uncountable noun, especially in British English, meaning 'sports in general'. So you can say either 'good at sport' (Br) or 'good at sports' (Am).
e.g. My English friend is good at tennis. / My American friends are good at boxing.
As an adjective the word sport is used only before noun for sport or connected with sport.
e.g. My son belongs to a local sports club. / Sports equipment.
Game is a sport that you play against another player or team, according to a set of rules:
e.g. At school, we played team games like football and hockey.
We should be careful about the words sport and game. Not to confuse them we have to understand that they are different.
Sport includes all sorts of physical activities, games, races, and things like climbing and fishing.
Games are usually played either between two people or between two teams. Sports that involve racing, such as swimming, athletics, and horse-racing, are not games.
Game can be used for describing an occasion when two people or two teams compete against each other in a sport.
e.g. Barcelona beat Real Madrid 3-2 in a thrilling game. / Who won the game? / I got three tickets for the Bull's game.
Game of tennis / squash etc.e.g. How about the game of volleyball this evening? Basketball / football etc. game.e.g. I'm going to watch a volleyball game this Saturday. Match in British English has the same meaning as 'game'. e.g. Are you going to the match tomorrow?
But in the combination with the kind of sport we can use only in this way:
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'a football / cricket / boxing match.
e.g. A cricket match was in progress on the school sports field.
Don't say 'a match of tennis/football etc.
With regard to American English we should mention that they never use match to mean a game played between two teams. They only use it for games where one person competes with another or fights with another.
e.g. a wrestling match.
Race is a competition in which several people try to run, drive, ride, swim etc. faster than each other.
e.g. Hill won the race, and Schumacher finished second.
horse race: Her husband spent all their money gambling on horse races. To play a sport as a verb is used in the meaning of taking part in a sport, especially about games in which you try to win against another person or team.
e.g. I'm playing in a basketball game this Sunday.
play football / tennis / golf / baseball etc.
e.g. It's a long time since I played hockey.
 play against.
e.g. The Rams played against the Giants twice in three weeks.
Playing – played – have played
To do (especially spoken) is used with the names of sports that are not team sports.
e.g. I do aerobics twice a week. / He used to do karate, but he gave it up.
Doing – did – have done
To go is used about sports whose names end in '-ing':
 go climbing / swimming / running / riding etc. e.g. John goes running every morning.
Going – went – have gone
Exercise 3. Give English equivalents of the following: заниматься спортом, игра в футбол, ходить на рыбалку, много заниматься спортом, подбор правил соревнования, соревнования по борьбе, соревноваться против команды, быть успешным в легкой атлетике, выигрывать, физическая деятельность, спортивный инвентарь, перепутать соревнования бегунов.
Exercise 4. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words. 1. The thrilling… was between Barcelona and Real aerobics Madrid. 2. I am fond of… running 3. My friend is… at tennis. athletics 4. Last month we competed… Russians. game 5
5. Because of the serious trauma he had to… doing good a lot of sport. 6. Don't… the meaning of the words 'match' and 'game' give up 7. My brother goes… every morning. confuse 8. All my friends are keen on doing… against Exercise 5. Check your grammar. Choose the right forms of the verbs from the brackets and fill them in.
He… swim when he was a child. Now he (can't must, have to, could).
He must… swimming (to give up, giving up, have given up).
I'm sure he… a lot. He must… (practice, practices, to practice).
Perhaps she… running to be fit. She may (might… / goes, will be going, be going).
He lost the game. Perhaps he… to win. He must… (to be ill, had been ill, was ill, have been ill).
Exercise 6. Match the games and the rules. Then think of a game that the others may not know (or invent a game) and write out the rules for it.
hockey, chess, football, golf, tennis, baseball
You have to hit a ball over a net; it mustn't land outside the white lines.
You can kick the ball but you mustn't touch it with your hands.
You have to hit a ball and run; you can have three tries.
You have to hit a ball into a small hole; you don't have to run.
You have to capture a king.
You have to hit a ball into a goal with a stick; you mustn't use your
hands.
Exercise 7. Read the text and fill in 'since' or 'for'. Then describe the changes in Sue's life.
Sue Wilson has been involved in sports… (1)... more than 25 years. Her first interest was gymnastics, which she has been actively involved in… (2)… she was ten, but she has also been interested in other forms of sport… (3)… many years. She has been a keen cyclist… (4)… 1980, when she made her first bicycle tour of Europe, and… (5)… her marriage to all-round sportsman Tom Wilson in 1985, she has tried her hand at climbing, sailing and skydiving. Her talent as a writer has kept her busy… (6)… the past ten years, and she has become familiar to TV viewers as a sport com-mentator… (7)… her first TV appearance in 1988. Her plans for the future? ''I've been interested in the role of women in sports ever… (8)… I was a teenager. Now, after being so busy… (9)… all these years, I've decided to take some time off so I can write a book about it''. Since Sue has been part of the sporting world… (10)… so long, her book should be fascinating.
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Exercise 8. Answer the following questions with regard to you:
What sport are you involved in?
For how long have you been involved in it?
What was your first interest in sport?
Since what time have you been interested in your sport?
Are you interested in any other forms of sport?
When did you make your first important step in your sport?
Have you ever tried your hand at another sport? Which one?
Have you been developing any other talents?
Would you like to try your hand at anything else besides sport?
What would you like to do after giving up sport if you ever do it? Exercise 9. Interview your partner, then summarize his / her responses
and give the idea of his / her lifetime interests.
1.2. Someone who does a sport
Player is someone who belongs to a sports team or who regularly does a sport.
e.g. One of the players had been injured.
 baseball / basketball / etc. player: one of the best tennis players in the country. Sportsman / sportswoman is someone who is very good at sport, especially someone who does it as their job.
e.g. A special Olympic village has been built for the sportsmen and sports-women to live in.
Sportsmen / sportswomen (plural)
Athlete is someone who is good at sport, especially someone who does ath-letics (=sports such as running, throwing things, or jumping over high bars). e.g. All athletes now have to be regularly tested for drugs.
1.3. A group of people who play against another group
Team is a group of people who play together against another group in a sport. e.g. Which team do you support?
 be in a team (Br) / be on a team (Am).
e.g. We haven't decided who is going to be on a team yet.
In British English, you can use 'team' with a singular or plural verb. e.g. Our team is wearing / are wearing red.
In American English, only use a singular verb.
Side (Br) is one of two teams who are playing against each other.
e.g. Both sides played really well. / Our side only needs one more goal two win.
Captain is the main player in a team, who tells the other players what to do. ~ of, the captain of the team
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1.4. Verbs and their collocations in the context of sport
Our team won / lost by three goals / points. She broke the Olympic record last year.
He holds the record for the 100 metres breast-stroke. Liverpool beat Hamburg 4-2 yesterday.
The team have never been defeated. [more formal than beat] How many goals / points have you scored this season?
I think I'll take up bowls next spring and give up golf.
Winning and losing
Notice how these key words are used:
Italy beat Spain 4-2. (=Spain lost to Italy). In other words: Italy won the match. (Spain lost the match)
Italy defeated Spain. (=Spain were defeated by Italy) Italy were the winners. (=Spain were the losers)
If both teams or players have the same score (=number of goals or points ), it is a draw (e.g. 2-3 is a draw).We can also use draw as a verb.
e.g. We drew yesterday's match/game 1-1.
When the game is still in progress, we often use the verb lead to describe the position of the teams and players, or latest to describe the score.
e.g. Half-time score: Italy 2, Spain 1.
At half – time Italy are leading Spain two-one. (=the latest score is two-one to Italy)
Sampras is leading three-two in the first set. (=the latest score is three-two to Sampras).
Competing / competition
e.g. How many runners will be compe-ting in the marathon tomorrow?

In many sports, players and teams play every week in a league (the player/team that wins the most games in a season is the winner of the league champion-ship). In most sports, there is also a cup competition, which is usually a knock-out competition, the one that includes a quarter final, semi-final and ends in fi-nal.
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Vocabulary exercises
Exercise 10. True or false?Brazil won the football World Cup in 1994.
Football has an umpire.
A set in tennis is always decided on a tie-break.
If two teams have the same score at the end of the game, it is a draw.
Golf is played on a course.
If someone gives you the latest score, the game has finished.
Sticks are used in skiing and hockey.
In a knock-out competition, you can lose one or two games but still win the competition.
Exercise 11. Which sport is being described in each sentence? (The underlined words are key words and you can look them up to increase your vocabulary in different sports.)
The referee gave the try although many people thought it was a for-ward pass.
He scored the winner with a beautiful free kick from just outside the penalty area.
He served fifteen aces and not one double fault.
The coach called a time out with just 45 seconds left and two points between the teams.
He crashed into the car in front with just two laps remaining.
First he was booked (=the yellow card) for a bad tackle, and then he handled the ball inside the penalty area, so the referee had to send him off (=the red card).
In the 200 metres freestyle, he overtook the Russian on the final length to win the race.
She sprinted away from the rest of the field on the final lap and won easily.
Vocabulary
try – попытка; free kick – свободный удар; penalty area – штрафная площадка; serve – подавать мяч; ace – выигрыш с подачи; double fault – двойная ошибка / неверная подача; crash into – врезаться; lap – круг; tackle – блокировать; book – штрафовать; handle – дотрагиваться мяча рукой; send smb off – выгонять кого либо с поля; overtake – догнать; length – длина; sprint – бег на короткую дистанцию; field – все участники соревнования.
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Exercise 12. Collocations. Fill the gaps with suitable verbs.
Were many records… at the Olympics?
We've been… so many times we deserve to be bottom of the league!
Congratulations! How many points did you… by?
You should… jogging. That would help you lose weight.
Who… the world record for the 1000 metres? Is it a Russian?
I only ever once… a goal, and that was sheer luck.
Exercise 13. Match the words and their definitions to check if you can
use the above terms according to their meanings: 1. … is one of two teams who are playing against aerobics each other. 2. … is someone who is very good at sport, especial- captain ly someone who does it as their job. 3. … is someone who belongs to a sports team or team who regularly does a sport. 4. … is the main player in a team, who tells the other sports-man/ players what to do. / woman 5. … is a group of people who play together against athlete another group in a sport. 6. … is someone who is good at sport, especially Side someone who does athletics. Speaking
Exercise 14.Can you give the meaning of the above words through the description of the picture?
Try and remember a funny story which happened to you at the com-petition.
Someone who watches or supports sport
Exercise 15. Memorize the terms and check if you can use them ac-cording to their meaning:
Spectator is someone who goes to a game and watches people playing a sport.
Fan is someone who likes a particular team or player and often goes to watch them play:
e.g. Thousands of fans queued to buy tickets.
Supporter is someone who likes a particular team, especially a football team, and often goes to watch it play.
e.g. Several supporters were arrested outside the stadium.
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 to support means to like a particular team, and want it to win. e.g. 'Which team do you support?' 'Oh, United, of course!'Exercise 16. Read a short text about sky-diving. What's your idea of this sport? Would you like to watch it or do it? Give your reasons.

'Sky-diving' must be one of the most exciting sports to watch. A sky-di-ving team can leave an aeroplane at 1300 metres and free fall to around 300 metres before opening their parachutes, which they can then steer so that they eventually land on a 1 metre X 1 metre cross on the ground. When sky-divers do a display,
they rely heavily on the ground crew, who light a smoke flare and help to guide them safely down.
1.6. The person who makes sure that players obey the rules
Referee / umpire is a person in charge of a game, who makes sure that the players obey the rules and decides who has won.
Use referee about football, basketball, hockey, and boxing.
Use umpire about baseball, cricket, and tennis.
Judges are the people who decide which person is the best in a competition
 Use judges about sports in which people do not compete in teams, such as skating, horse-riding, and gymnastics.
Exercise 17. Giving the definitions of the following words complete the sentences:
A referee is a person who…
A spectator is someone who…
A fan is someone who…
An umpire is a person who…
A supporter is someone who…
A judge is a person who…
The points you get when you are playing a sport
Memorize the terms and check if you can use them according to their meaning: Point is a unit used for measuring how well you are doing in a sport or game. e.g. Steve Jones is 15 points ahead. / Damon Hill leads the Formula 1 Championship, with 58 points 6 races.
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 get / score a point
e.g. We lost the game when the Giants scored 14 points in the last quarter. Goal is the point you get when you make the ball go into the net in sports such as football or hockey.
 score a goal (=get a goal)
Score is the number of points you obtain in a game.
e.g. What's the score? / The score at half time was 12-18.
 final score (=the score at the end of the game)
When two teams or players have the same score draw (Br) / tie (Am) is used when both players or teams have the same number of points at the end of a game.
e.g.'What was the result of the Barcelona v Real Madrid game? ' 'It was a draw'.
 to end in a draw / tie
e.g. The game ended in a tie.
 be two all/be four all etc. (spoken) is used to say when both players or teams have two points, four points etc. in a game.
e.g. It's two all at the moment, but United seems the better team. / 'What was the final score?' 'One all'.However, the scoring system – and the way we describe it – is different from game to game.
Football
Spain 0-0 Italy (we say nil-nil) Spain 1-0 Italy (one-nil to Spain) Spain 1-1 Italy (one-all)
Spain 1-2 Italy (two-one to Italy ) Spain 2-2 Italy (two-all)
If the final score is 2-2 in a cup match, you may have to play extra time. And if the score is still 2-2 at the end of extra time, there is a penalty shoot-out.
Tennis
15-0 (fifteen-love)
30-0 (thirty-love)
40-40 (deuce) Advantage X
Game X
Game and set to X (e.g. 6-3 or 7-5)
If the score reaches 6-6 you have a tie-break to decide the set.
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Exercise 18. Complete the table with the correct forms.
Infinitive Past Past parti- Infinitive Past Past partici-
tense cipletense plewin lead lose catch beat draw Exercise 19. How do we say these scores? Football: 0-0 2-1 4-4 Tennis: 15-0 40-30 40-40 Exercise 20. Fill the gaps in these texts with suitable words or phrases. In the World Cup Final of 1994, Brazil… (1)… Italy 3-2 in a… (2)…
shoot out.
After ninety minutes the… (3)… was 0-0; and it remained the same after thirty minutes of… (4)…, but then Italy… (5)… 3-2 in the penalty shoot-out after Baresi and Baggio both missed. This was the fourth time that Brazil had… (6)… the World Cup.
Ivanisevich… (7)… to Sampras in the second round. He… (8)… the first… (9)… 6-4, but then… (10)… the second… (11)… on a… (12)…
After that, Sampras dominated the rest of the… (13)… and won easily. The final… (14)… was 4-6, 7-6, 6-1, 6-2.
Exercise 21. Read a short report on the sporting event and choose all the means of expressing scoring in it. Memorize the words and their translations: nemesis – Немезида (богиня расплаты); to haunt – навещать; to be handed the loss – потерпеть поражение; holder – держатель; standings – позиция; to thrash – одержать победу.
An old nemesis has come back to haunt Team New Zealand at the pre-America's Cup regatta off Valencia. The Dean Barker skippered yacht has been handed its first loss of the regatta, going down by 36 seconds to Cup holders Alinghi. The Swiss top the standings with 10 points.
Team New Zealand and Oracle have nine points and will race in the final round.
In its other race on Tuesday morning, Team New Zealand thrashed South Africa's Shosholoza by more than four minutes.
Speaking and writing
Exercise 22
Ask your college mate about his / her last loss and then report on it to your classmates.
Write an account of your last victory in the competition.
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Unit 2. SPORT FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT
2.1. A place where you do a sport
Exercise 1. Memorize the terms, and check yourself if you can use them according to their meaning:
Field is a large area of ground, usually covered in grass, where team sports are played.
e.g. The crowd cheered as the players ran onto the field.
 baseball / football / sports etc. field.
e.g. The football field was too muddy to play on so the game was cancelled. Pitch (Br) is a sports field.
e.g. The fans rushed onto the pitch at the end of the match.
 cricket / football etc. pitch
Court is an area with lines painted on the ground, where two people or teams play a game such as tennis, badminton, basketball, or netball.
 tennis / basketball / squash etc. court
Leisure centre (Br) is a building where you can do various different sports. e.g. There's a really nice swimming pool at the leisure centre.
Gym is a large room where there are machines that you can use to do exercises and make your body stronger.
e.g. Are you going to the gym today?
Pool / swimming pool is a place where you can swim, consisting a large hole in the ground that has been built and filled with water either outdoors or inside a building.
Stadium is a large sports field with seats all around it, where people go to watch team sports.
e.g. a baseball stadium
2.2. Equipment is what you hold in your hand
golf – club; squash / tennis / badminton – racket; darts – dart; archery – bow; cricket / table-tennis / baseball – bat; hockey – stick; snooker / pool / billiards – cue; canoeing – paddle; rowing – oar; fishing – rod / line.
Exercise 2. Memorize the following words, word-combinations and word-groups:
A. baseball: B. softball: D. lacrosse: F. basketball:
baseball softball lacrosse ball basketball
bat softball glove face guard backboard
batting helmet C. football: lacrosse stick basketball hoop
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baseball uni- football E. hockey: G. volleyball:
form football helmet hockey puck volleyball
catcher's mask shoulder pads hockey stick volleyball net
baseball glove hockey mask H. soccer:
catcher's mitt hockey glove soccer ball
hockey skates shinguardsExercise 3. Match English words with their Russian equivalents:
1. archery a) шайба 2. cycling в) очки 3. rowing с) весло 4. goggles d) ракетка 5. club e) дубинка 6. oar f) диск 7. bat g) стрельба из лука 8. puck h) лодка 9. stick i) волан 10. racket j) велоспорт 11. boat k) прыжки с шестом
12. hurdles l) бита 13. shuttlecock m) бросать диск 14. arrow n) гребля 15. helmet o) цель 16. bow p) стрела 17. target q) толкание ядра 18. gloves r) шлем 19. net s) лук 20. pole-vault t) клюшка 21. javelin u) преграда 22. shot-put v) бросать копье 23. discus w) рукавицы 24. to throw the discus x) гребля 25. to throw / hurl the javelin y) сетка Exercise 4. Match each sport with the equipment used. Some equip-ment may be used more than once. Can you think of any other?
 sports: archery, ice hockey, tennis, badminton, cycling, golf, swimming, baseball, rowing, boxing, wrestling…;
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 equipment: goggles, club, oar, bat, ball, puck, stick, racket, net, boat, shuttlecock, bicycle, arrow, helmet, bow, target, gloves, boots…

Exercise 5. First explain the words in the list, then decide which of them are field events, and which are track events. hurdles, shot-put, discus, relay, javelin, high-jump, sprint, pole-vault,
long distance
Exercise 6. Match each sport with the place it is played. Then say which one you like
most and why. Football course Car-racing court
Golf pool Tennis gymnasium
Basketball court Volleyball court
Swimming pitch Skating rink
Boxing ring Athletics track/course
Exercise 7. Find the odd word out. What should replace them? 1 goal keeper, goal post, terrain, linesman
2 racket, court, net, referee
3 basket, pitch, shoot, rebound
4 running, hurdles, path, race
5 diving board, bath, swimming suit, goggles
Exercise 8. Look at the cues and the useful expressions below, then compare and contrast the two sports.
rugbyplayed on a pitch, team sport, inexpensive equipment (ball, boots), dangerous, violent, injury, risk, powerful, fit, competitive etc.
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windsurfingwatersport, individual sport, expensive equipment, (sail, board, wetsuit) relatively safe, relaxing, strong swimmer, fit etc.
Useful expressions: both, however, also, although, moreover, compared to, in order to, on the contrary, while, but, whereas, in addition, as well, both...
and, not only... but also etc.
e.g. Rugby is a team sport whereas windsurfing is an individual sport.

Exercise 9. Now in pairs compare and contrast a) boxing and tennis and b) waterpolo and car racing c) your sport and your friend's.
Reading
You are going to read some information about exercise facilities. For the given questions choose from the sports centres (A–E). Some of the sports centres may be chosen more than once. When more than one answer is re-quired, these may be given in any order.
Which sports centre or centres:offers a discount?
has a dress code?
offers a wide range of sports facilities?
is for women only?
charges a fee each time you use the facilities?
offers free parking?
has a restaurant on site?
has facilities specifically designed for building muscle?
plays music while people exercise?
never closes?
gives special equipment to those who join?
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allows spectators?
offers a private locker to members?
can't be joined immediately?
Sports CentresA. The Smashing Racquet Club
Offering the best tennis and squash facilities in the area, The Smashing Racquet Club has a long waiting list for membership. Its ten indoor squash and tennis courts are kept in immaculate condition.
Two tennis professionals are always on duty to help members improve their game. Whether tennis or squash (or both) is one's sport of choice, the club offers the perfect setting for perfecting existing skills or learning new ones. The club has a dignified atmosphere, and members must wear white clothing when on the courts. Although the club can't be reached us-ing public transport, there is a spacious car park which can be used free of charge.
B. Ripple's Gym
For people wanting to lose weight and get in shape, now is the time to join Ripple's Gym. For a limited time there is an introductory offer: 50 % off the regular annual fee when two people sign up together. Modern weightlifting equipment and a spacious workout area have made Ripple's the preferred choice of discriminating body-builders. Courteous staff welcome new members and demonstrate the facilities. At half the regular price it's a deal not to miss. Members quickly see their fat melting off, revealing a toned, muscular and healthier body. Also, for their members' convenience, Ripple's is open 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.
C. Westside SportsplexServing the whole west side of the city, the Westside Sportsplex is now open to the public. The gleaming facilities include an Olympic-sized swimming pool and an ice rink. There is no membership at this public recreation facility as fees are charged on a pay-per-session basis. There are public swimming sessions every afternoon from 2-6 p.m., and public skating all day over the weekend. The rest of the time these facilities are used by local teams for practice and competitions. Clean changing rooms and showers are located outside the pool and rink. Tickets for all events can be purchased up to a month in advance.
D. Buster's Gym
Buster's has been teaching the art of boxing for forty years. It's not glam-orous, but hard work and sweat are rewarded with improved coordination
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and skill. Buster's team of coaches have produced several national champi-ons from their four practice rings. The training programme involves sparring in the ring, endurance exercises and the use of punchbags and skipping ropes. On joining, members receive their own gloves, protective head gear and somewhere to lock them up while away from the gym. Members can also park their cars at no extra charge.
E. Femdance Fitness Centre
The Femdance Fitness Centre will be celebrating its grand opening this month. Its owners hope to provide a fun, safe exercise environment in which to shape and tone the body. New members will hop, step and jump their way to fitness while moving to the beat. Instructors will lead members through the moves. There will also be a place on the premises to sit and relax over a cool fruit juice and a bite to eat. Classes will be starting soon, and one small payment will secure a full year of fitness activities. And don't forget Femdance is your fitness centre – no men are allowed.
2.3. Someone who watches a sport
Exercise 10. Memorize the terms, and check yourself if you can use them according to their meaning:

Spectator is someone who goes to a game and watches people playing a sport.
Fan is someone who likes a particular team or player and often goes to watch them play: e.g. Thousands of fans queued to buy tickets. Supporter is someone who likes a particular team, especially a football team, and often goes to watch it play.
e.g. Several supporters were arrested outside the stadium.
 to support means to like a particular team, and want it to win. e.g. 'Which team do you support?' 'Oh, United, of course!'Speaking
Exercise 11. Memorize the words and expressions:
dreadful – ужасный; exciting – интересный; skilful – умелый; to agree – соглашаться; to kick off – бросать; to pelt with rain – заливать дождем; to be off / on the form – не / быть в форме; to make out – понять; hardly
– вряд ли; to pick smb – отбирать; to tackle – блокировать захватом; to be scared / to be afraid – пугаться; to get injured – пораниться; defender – защитник; to be up to – быть подверженным к…; mean – скупой;
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to improve – усовершенствовать; disgrace – позор; puddle – лужа; either… or… – или…, или…
Exercise 12. Read and dramatize the dialogue:
Loyal Fans
– What did you think of the game, Bill?
– Dreadful! It was neither exciting nor skilful.
– I agree with you. Of course the weather didn't help. They'd hardly kicked off when it started to pelt with rain. Our team are useless in the mud, and they were off form anyway.
– Some of our team can't play football in either wet or dry conditions, and I've never seen them on form.
– I can't help laughing when I watch old Ford. Every time he gets the ball he either falls over or passes it to the opposition. I can't make out why they pick him.
– He's too old really. He'd already been playing in the team for about ten years when I became a supporter and that was eight years ago.
– Evans isn't much better. He's not only too slow, he's scared to tackle as well.
– Yes, he's always afraid of getting injured. Neither Ford nor Evans is up to it. We need two new defenders and a new forward too.
– But the management is too mean to spend money either on new players or on improving the ground.
– Yes, that's true. The pitch is a disgrace. It isn't flat and the drains don't work. Every time it rains the pitch is covered with great puddles of water.
– What we need, Ted, is not only new players but a new manager and a new pitch as well. Then perhaps we could win promotion to the Third Division.
Exercise 13. Make up a dialogue of your own about the match you've seen lately.
Vocabulary
Exercise 14. Translate into Russian:
weightlifting, archery, karate, gymnastics, box, darts, billiards / pool, wrestle, frisbee, work out.
Exercise 15. Which sport do you think the equipment belongs to? Can you give Russian equivalents to them:frisbee, dartboard, darts, pool table, billiards ball, pool stick, karate outlift, karate belt, balance beam, parallel bars, mat, horse, trampoline, barbell, weights,
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bow and arrow, target, boxing gloves, (boxing) trunks, wrestling uniform, (wrestling) mat, universal, exercise bike.
Exercise 16. Answer the following questions:
Do you do any of these activities?
Which sport do you do?
What equipment do you need for it?
Which sports are popular in your country?
What do people in your family like to do in their free time?
Writing
Exercise 17. Imagine you want to start your own sport club. Write an
advertisement advising people to take up the sport you are keen on.
Vocabulary
Exercise 18. First find English equivalents to the Russian words then fill them into the blanks of the text below:
защитные очки, лыжные палки, подъемник, прыжок, склоны, инструктор, штаны, сапоги
poles, pants, goggles, instructor, boots, lift, jump, slopes
It is very important to have all the necessary equipment before you go skiing. Waterproof ski… are needed to stop you getting wet when you fall over, ski… are needed to protect your ankles and ski… are needed to protect your eyes. Ski… are also useful to help you keep your balance. Before hitting the ski…, it is advisable to take some lessons from a ski…, and a pass for the ski… is needed to get to the top. After a few lessons you may even feel daring enough to try a ski…
Exercise 19. Give at least 5 things you need for your sport and describe their function.
Grammar check
Exercise 20. Fill in: should, may not, has to, must, shouldn't have taken, could have brought
You… take your goggles before going to the swimming pool.
You… the tennis balls with you. The coach will provide you with them.
My friend… me the skateboard I asked him to.
He… bring his own roller skates.
While going cycling on the road you… put a helmet on just for the
case.
You… a bike with you, I've got a spare one.
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Unit 3. GETTING IN SHAPE, RECREATION AND PROFESSIONAL
SPORT
Exercise 1. Fill out the questionnaire, summarise your answers and de-scribe your way of getting fit.
QUESTIONNAIRE
Would you describe yourself as: very fit, average, pretty fit, unfit?
Do you think physical fitness is important?
Yes, … No, …
Do you ever get out of breath?
Can you touch your toes (without bending your knees)?
Can you run for half a mile?
Can you hang from a bar, supporting your own weight for 20 seconds?
Does your daily routine involve any physical exertion?
Yes,… No,…Do you exercise regularly?
Yes,… No,…
If you exercise regularly, how often do you do it?
Every day, more than once a week, every other day, once a week, less.7. If you exercise regularly, how do you do it?
Sports, dance, yoga, jogging, bicycling, walking, swimming, indoor exercises, other (What other ways?).8. If you participate in sports, is your favourite sport:
a team game, amateur, competitive, professional, organized?
Do you own any sports equipment?
Yes,… No,… If so, what?
Do you / Did you have to participate in sports at school / college?
If so which ones? How often?
Do you / Did you have Phys.Ed. (Physical Education) classes at school / college?
Yes,… No,…
Do you think sports or physical education should be a compulsory part of the school / college curriculum?
Yes,… No,…
Why? Why not?
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Exercise 2. Memorize the sport and exercise actions, use them in short dialogues as in examples:
hit, pitch, throw, catch, pass, kick, serve, bounce, dribble, shoot, stretch, bend, walk, run, hop, skip, jump, kneel, sit, lie down, reach, swing, push, pull, lift, swim, dive, shoot, push-up, sit-up, leg lift, jumping jack, deep knee bend, somersault, cartwheel, handstand

A. Now____________! A. Okay, everybody.
A. ____________the B. Like this? I want you to do
ball! A. Yes. twenty______s!
B. Okay, Coach! B. Twenty_______s?!
A. That’s right.
Exercise 3. Read the text and insert the missing words. Use the words in capitals to form a word that fits in the space in the same line.
The Benefits of Exercise
Working full-time can be a very… (0)… experience for most people; long hours and the pressure to be… (1)… in a society both contribute to the build-up of anxiety. If you're feeling… (2)…, there's no better way to relax than to exercise. However, many people return from work too… (3)… to move. Are criticized for being lazy and… (4)…, and for watching too much television which is not… (5)… to our health. Taking regular exercises can be both relaxing and… (6) and people who feel healthy often also feel mo-re… (7)… You don't need to be especially… (8)… to take up a sport; simply choose one that is… (9)… to your character.
stress – stressful
success
nerve
exhaust
active
benefit
pleasure
confidence
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energy
suit
Follow up activity
Exercise 4. You noticed your mum started being very sad and exhausted after work. Ask her questions to find out what the reasons are, then give her advice how to be back to a happy life. Use the above information.
Exercise 5. Here are instructions for two fitness exercises. Read them and find English equivalents to the Russian words and expressions:
- постепенно, довести до 10 упражнений, повторить 10 раз, ноги в разные стороны, на ширине плеч, стать прямо, руки в разные стороны, нагнуться вперед, руки вперед,
развернуть грудь, дотронуться правой ноги, в обе стороны.
Warm-up exercise
Stand with your feet apart and the arms out at shoulder level. Bend forward, twisting the torso at the same time to touch the right hand to the left foot. Stand upright again with the arms out and then bend forward and twist touching the left hand to the right foot. Repeat 10 times on each side the first day and gradually increase to 20 repetitions on each side.
Twisting sit-ups
Lie on your back with the legs bent at the knees. You can put the feet under a chair or have someone hold your feet down. Place the hands behind the head. Sit up, twisting at the same time to bring the right elbow to the out-side of the left knee. Lie on your back again. Then sit up and touch the left elbow to the outside of the right knee. Repeat 5 times on each side.
Exercise 6. Using the given above actions describe in details how to do the exercises you regularly do. Get someone to follow your instructions.
Exercise 7. Read the text below and fill in the words from the list. Then read it again and answer the questions after it.
a) should, b) as, c) because / since / for, d) for, e) want, f) result, g) which, h) fact, i) way, j) however, k) as well, l) times, m) due to, n) through, o) their, p) both.
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Choose your Sport Carefully
Regular exercise such… (1)… jogging or swimming is good… (2)… the heart. It can also give you more energy to enjoy life. As a… (3)… of regular exercise, your body gets better… (4) using oxygen. It becomes easier for your heart to pump blood… (5)… your body. After a while, the heart doesn't…
(6)… to work quite as hard. Exercise is often thought to be an easy… (7)… of losing weight. But in… (8)…, exercise tends to increase your appetite. Many people discover they lose… (9)… weight with exercise alone. … (10)… diet and exercise are needed to achieve this. Some people exercise because they think it will help them to live longer. If that is your reason for exercising, then you… (11)… avoid short, intensive exercise. Squash, for example,… (12)… is a fast game, may be harmful… (13)… you're unfit or middle-aged. Other sports can be dangerous… (14)… Although both rugby and football are popular sports, a rugby player is three… (15)… more likely to be injured than a tennis player. It is advisable,… (16)…, to choose a sport that suits you and not that is going to harm you.
Questions
Is regular exercise good for your heart?
What gives you more energy to enjoy your life?
What makes your body get better?
Why does your heart refuse to work as hard as it did before getting used to intensive exercise?
What is thought to be an easy mode of losing extra weight?
Why do you have to avoid short, intensive exercise?
Can you explain why fast games are thought to be harmful if you are unfit or middle-aged?
What is advisable while choosing sport?
Reading and speaking
Exercise 8. Read the text and find out which sports are the most popular abroad.
Sport in Different Countries
Americans love to watch an exciting game of baseball and New York has two famous baseball teams – the Mets and the Yankees. If you want to see a baseball game, go to Shea Stadium, the home of the New York Mets. The game of baseball is played between two teams of nine players.
If you like tennis, you can go to the United States Open Tennis Championships (early September) at the National Tennis centre, Flushing Meadow, Queens.
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In November of every year, 25,000 or more people run through all five boroughs of New York in the New York Marathon. They finish – after running 41.84 kilometers – in Central Park. A million or more people watch them. The most popular sports in Europe and America are walking, cycling, jogging, playing football and golf. Other popular sports are: bowling, badminton, tennis. Experts are asking a very important question: should sports be taken seriously or should it be just for fun?
– What do you think about it?
– I think, it depends upon the people's choice. Some people want to go in for sports seriously, others consider it to be a way to keep fit.
– What sports are British fond of?
– Sports play an important part in the life of the English people. All sports are very popular among them. The national British sports are: football, golf, cricket, table tennis, lawn tennis, snooker, steeplechase, racing, darts. The British are fond of football which is of two kinds there: association football, (soccer) and rugby. Englishmen like all kinds of racing horse-racing, motorcar racing, boat-racing, dog-racing, donkey-racing are very popular in England.
What do you know about sports in foreign countries?
Nowadays sports and activities are fashionable in Europe and America. For example, popular marathons are now held everywhere. Lots of people want to see if they can run 42 kms and do it faster than everyone else. The big city marathons, in London and New York, are important sporting events.
Exercise 9. Read the text and insert the missing words, then divide the text into the passages to give headings to.
Sports in Britain
The British have always had interest in all… a)… of sport. They are a nation of sport lovers. Many sports which are… b)… all over the world first appeared in Britain.
Most… c)… is football. It is the national sport and British club… d)… are often successful in Europe. But British… e)… today has a bad name at home and abroad because of the… f)… of some groups of supporters.
The next popular sport after football is rugby, which is largely an… g)… game. These sports attract large numbers of people in Britain, both as… h)… and as spectators.
Cricket is an English… i)… Not many Scots, Irish or Welsh play it. In… j)… tennis is one of the most popular games. There are clubs in every… k)… and in all the parks there are public courts. Swimming is also very popular and there are many public… l)… baths. Rowing and canoeing are practised less
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because there are not so many… m)… The annual Boat Race between Oxford and Cambridge… n)… on the river Thames is, however, one of the most popular sporting… o)… of the year. Other popular water sports are water skiing and… p)… Golf is becoming increasingly popular.
… q)… sports such as skiing are generally impossible in Britain (except in Scotland) because of the climate, but many people… r)… winter holidays on the Continent in order to take part in them.
The… s)… in such sports as horse-racing and dog-racing can be explained by the Englishman's… t)… for gambling. Anyway, most Englishmen have some interest in at least one kind of sport.
1) spend, 2) summer, 3) facilities, 4) events, 5) fondness, 6) football, 7) amateur, 8) kinds, 9) surfing, 10) interest, 11) universities, 12) winter, 13) game, 14) town, 15) played, 16) violence, 17) swimming, 18) participants, 19) teams, 20) popular.
Exercise 10. You are going to read a short article about one of the re-cent popular sports in UK. First insert the missing words, then make up no less than 10 questions on the text to render its idea, put these questions to your partner.
Paragliding

Paragliding is becoming quite a popular sport in Britain. It… (1)... flying through the air using a soft canopy, something… (2)... a parachute, whereas hang-gliders use stiff wings to stay in the air. Paragliders are hoisted into the air using a boat or car, and then they attempt to land on a specific target. You can go paragliding… (3)... about anywhere, but mountainous regions are best because of the scenery and the currents of warm air which lift paragliders into the sky To become a…
(4)... paraglider, around 12 practice flights are… (5)... Beginners usually... (6)… or borrow a glider and only need warm clothing, and sturdy boots to protect their ankles. On…(7)... the rank of club pilot most buy their own equipment, including a helmet, goggles, and a flying suit Those… (8)… in paragliding will be glad to hear that there is no age… (9)... Many enthusiasts don't… (10)... up the sport… (11)... after they have retired, but there is a very broad age range. One paragliding champion described the sport as a… (12)… adventure – a thrill. She
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really enjoys flying alone, free to enjoy the peace and quiet. The… (13)... can be breathtaking, but she admitted that one has to be a… (14)... mad to become a paraglider. The sport is relatively safe,… (15)... a few fatalities have occurred. Most injuries are the… (16)… of bad landings – broken legs, twisted ankles and strained backs are not uncommon.
a) hire, b) reaching, c) bit, d) although, e) competent, f) result, g) take up, h) like, i) limit, j) real, k) view, l) until, m) almost, n) interested, o) demanded, p) involves.
Exercise 11. After inserting the missing words into the text below use the text in the talk with your partner about the common and different things in the sport activities in this country and abroad.
Physical Training and Sports in Ukraine
Such kinds of sports as swimming, running,… (1)… sport, wrestling and others date back to… (2)… times in Ukraine. The system of… (3)… and physical training of Cossacks in Zaporozhje was built on the… (4)… of national games and physical exercises.
First sports… (5)… were founded in the second half of the 19th century. They were not… (6) …, among them there were aristocratic… (7)… clubs and also some tennis clubs. The first of them opened in Kyiv in 1869 and in Odessa in 1895. At the beginning of the 20th century the first… (8)… clubs appeared. The first one was… (9)… as a part of a medical centre. In 1900 196 clubs that… (10)… nearly 8,000 people existed on the… (11)… of Ukraine. In 1912 the first 2 months' courses on the… (12)… of specialists in physical training were organized in Kyiv. The first sports… (13)… and centres were built in 1913 after the Olympiad. Some sports… (14)… : "Sport", "Beauty and Strength", and others appeared the same year. Nowadays specialists in… (15)… training are trained by Kiev Institute of Physical Training, in Odessa, Dnipropetrovsk and by 14 high physical training schools. The largest stadiums are Kyiv stadium for 100,000… (16)… and Kyiv Palace of Sports for 12,000 spectators.
Ukrainian… (17)… sports organizations develop different sports pro-grams, work among young people and children. They have their own… (18)… once in four years. Each organization has its own… (19)… and symbol.
a) yachting, b) territory, c) stadiums, d) spectators, e) numerous, f)voluntary, g) training, h) included, i) magazines, j) organizations, k) athletic, l) banner, m) military, n) ancient, o) basis, p) physical, q) conference, r) founded, s) equestrian.
Exercise 12. Read the text carefully. Write it down to your exercise book. Some of the lines are correct and some have a word which should not
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be there. If a line is correct, leave it unchanged . If a line has a word which should not be there, write it out of the text. Use the ideas of the text while talking about the sport you are in.
Contact Sports
The old sports of boxing and wrestling are still popular
today, despite of the dangers. Films like "Rocky", of
although they show the blood and violence which
go with these sports, glamorize the risks involved within.
The relevant authorities try to enforce rules and
regulations to be prevent serious injuries from occurring,
but the risk of brain damage and even the death has
not been completely removed from out the game. While
the argument it continues in the media about harmful
images on the TV, people seem to have been neglected the
roughness of sports where man physically hurts with
his fellow man. Surely that this kind of an example must
have a bad effect on the youngsters who watch TV every
day. Some supporters of these contact sports claim to it's
all a bit of fun and cannot see what could be wrong
with two adults competing as to decide who is the
fittest. I disagree, however; such dangers can't be a fun.
Exercise 13. Read the text and insert the missing words. Ask your part-ner questions on the text to find out if he/she remembers the history.
The history of the Olympic… a)… dates back to Ancient Greece. Ac-cording to the… b)… Hercules was the founder of the first Olympic Games. An athletic festival with… c)… in music and poetry began to attract the Greeks is the 8th… d)… The year 776 BC was established by history as the first date of the Recorded Olympiad. The Olympic Games… e)… every five years. People dated events by the Olympiads throughout ancient period. The… f)… competed in running, boxing, wrestling, horse and chariot racing. The winners were given… g)… wreaths. According to the rules established at Olympia all hostilities between… h)… states ceased for the duration of the Olympiad. The truce was universally respected and no Greek state could… i)… it. In the course of time the festival became so popular that not only athletes competed for the crown of wild olive but artists, poets, philosophers, orators and historians, were trying to… j)… immortal works dedicated to the unity and splendour of Hellenic civilisation. The prestige and brilliance of the Olympic Games was so… k)… that other panhellenic festivals were instituted
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two centuries later - the Pythian (590 BC), the Isthmian (580 BC), the Nemean (573 BC), in… l)… of Apollo, Poseidon and Zeus respectively. The Olympic Games were held for nearly twelve centuries and were… m)… in 394 AD by Theodosius I, the Christian Emperor, on the ground of their pagan origin. At the end of the 19th century Baron Pierre de Coubertin… n)… them. In 1894 he addressed the International Congress of' Athletes emphasizing the… o)… of sports in the peoples' life. The first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens in 1896 to signify the succession of the… p)… Since then the Games have been regularly held in different countries of the world.
1) create, 2) importance, 3) games, 4) warring, 5) legend, 6) great, 7) competitions, 8) revived, 9) laurel, 10) tradition, 11) break, 12) in honour, 13) century, 14) were held, 15) the athletes, 16) abolished.
Exercise 14 . Insert the missing words. Read the text and give the account of the facts and the events taking place in it.
There are four Olympic relay… (1)…: men's and women's 4 x 100 m, and men's and women's 4 x 400 m.
Each of the four… (2)… members runs one stage of the race.
A baton is carried in the… (3)…, and transferred in the take-over zone from one… (4)… to the next. If dropped, the baton… (5)… be picked up by the competitor who… (6)… it.
Composition of teams may be changed after a heat only in the case of…
(7)… or illness certified by the official medical officer. A team may change its running order.
No… (8)… may run more than one stage in a race.
The relay baton is a smooth, hollow tube… (9)… of rigid material in one piece. It must weigh not less than 50 g (13/4 cz).
4 x 100 m relay races are run entirely in lanes as far as the… (10)… from the first bend of the second lap.
Procedures. The baton must be handed over within the marked… (11)… zone.
Runners about to take over must not… (12)… running more than 10m before the take over zone.
In the stages of the 4 x 400 m not run in lane, competitors must… (13)… to their own lanes for the take-over unless they can use the inside… (14)… without causing an obstruction. After handing over the… (15)…, competitors should remain in their lanes or… (16)… until the course is clear.
Teams will be… (17)… for deliberately causing an obstruction or for… (18)… or giving any other assistance at a take-over.
a) team, b) return, c) disqualified, d) take-over, e) hand, f) zones, g) com-
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petitor, h) pushing, i) baton, j)made, k) position, l) start, m)runner, n) must, o) exit, p) dropped, q) injury, r) events.
Unit 4. COACHING AND MY CAREER PROSPECTS
Work and play
Exercise 1. Read the abstract from the letter and describe the difference in the two boys' ways of life. Which way do you share?
…to tell you about my two sons as you asked me in your last letter.
Malcom has been working very hard all this year, because he is sitting some examinations this month and he is determined to win a scholarship to study history at the University of Oxford.
Although the sun has been shining all day today he has been sitting at home reading about the history of the French revolution. Fortunately he adores books, especially history books, and he isn't interested in games. In any case he hasn't enough time for sport, as he spends all his time and money on books.
His younger brother James is totally different. He is bored with school and studying, but he is very keen on games. He loathes books, especially the books they oblige him to read at school. He never stays indoors when the weather is reasonably fine, and today he has been playing tennis for hours with his friend. He is fond of football, but tennis is his favourite. Although he is only 16 he is a school champion, and he has already won several tournaments. When he is old enough he hopes to become a professional player, so he spends a lot of time practising and hoping to improve his game. His mother doesn't really approve…
Exercise 2. Make up as many sentences as possible, using the text:
Malcomis fond of to become a profes-
James is very keen on sional player.
Mother adores a lot of time practicing/
Teachers loathes hoping to improve his
spends game.
is sitting indoors.
has been playing football/tennis.
oblige games.
is bored to win a scholarship.

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has already won time and money.
doesn’t approve books to read.
stays some examinations.
is determined with school.
several tournament.

Exercise 3. Answer the questions with regard to you:
Do you adore or loathe books/games?
Are you bored or interested in reading books/practising a lot?
Are you determined to win several tournaments?
Do your parents approve of your spending a lot of time on playing sports?
Have you won any tournaments?
Does your coach oblige you to practice a lot? If he/she does,
why?
How long have you been staying indoors/outdoors?
What sport are you keen on?
Writing
Exercise 4. Write a letter to your friend with the latest news of your expectations and achievements in sport.
Speaking
Exercise 5. Read the following dialogue and guess the meaning of the underlined words and word-combinations, check yourself.
Match English words and combinations with their Russian equivalents:
to do at school, – неиствовать от, to do best, – трудолюбивый
lately, – зарабатывать деньги на чем то,
– заработать много денег на чем то,
– принуждать,
– ленивый, to make an effort, – непрерывно,
terrible, idle, – наслаждаться
deserves to do couldn’t care well, less, – делать усилия
hard-working, to rush out, slaving at his to be crazy about, – способность,
books, – добросовест- ный,
on end, –ужасный, to make fortune – хорошо
eventually, – для разнообразия,
– сходить с ума,
– работать как раб at…, учиться,
enjoy, to make money – непоследова-
for a change, from…, тельный,
ability, to believe in for- – развивать,
rarely, cing smb…, – редко,
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to develop – в конце концов, to take up care – делать все за-
– за последнее время, ers…, висящее от тебя,
– верить в…, to be cut out for, – делать мало,
– бросаться куда то in a couple of дальше некуда,
years’ time – через какое то
время,
– быть созданным
для …,
– он того стоит,
– заняться ради
карьеры
Exercise 6. Dramatize the dialogue. Career Prospects Susan How have your two sons been doing at school lately, Andy?
Andy Terrible! James never starts working, and Malcolm never stops
working. Susan You’re joking, of course. I hear that Malcolm is likely to win
all the prizes in the exams this year. Andy Yes, so his teachers say. But he deserves to do well. He’s al-
ways so conscientious and hard-working, and he’s been sla-
ving at his books every evening for months on end recently.
He wants to go to Oxford University next year.
Susan Maybe he’ll become a university teacher himself eventually.
Andy Maybe. But I think he studies too hard; I sometimes wish he’d
go out and enjoy himself for a change. Susan Yes… What about the younger one? Andy Well, James’ teachers say that he has ability, but that he ‘s too
inconsistent and that he rarely does his best. In other words,
he’s not bad when he makes an effort, but he’s too idle. He
couldn’t care less about exams. He does his homework in ten
minutes every evening and then rushes out to play tennis.
Susan He’s crazy about tennis, isn’t he? Perhaps he can make his for-
tune at it. You can make more money from sport than from an
old-fashioned profession these days. 33
AndySo I believe. But my wife always worries about the children’s
future. She wants James to give up tennis and study law, but I
don’t believe in forcing boys to take up careers they’re not cut
out for. I wonder how James’ll develop in a couple of years’
time!
Exercise 7. Make up your own dialogue with the partner, talking about yourself.
Vocabulary
Еxercise 8. Look up the following words:
martial, supply, crime-ridden, boost, mental, acquire, alternating, impact, supplementing, consultation, meditation, stamina, sheer, peaks.
Еxercise 9. Fill in the appropriate word(s) from the list. Use the word(s) only once:
martial, poorly-lit, mental, sheer, climbable, insurance, intensive, to get, stressful.
1) …streets, 4) …work, 7) …life,
2) …discipline, 5) …thrill, 8) …policy,
3) …arts, 6) …fit, 9) …peaks.
Еxercise 10. Fill in the correct word derived from the word in brackets. Athletes who wish to excel in their chosen field must possess many quali-ties. Apart from the obvious physical…... (1)… (character) of high levels of…
... (2)… (fit) and stamina, an athlete must also show mental… (3)… (strong) in the form of… (4)… (dedicate) and enthu-siasm. In addition to this, for team sports, athletes must be… (5)… (compete) as
well as showing… (6)… (responsible) for the actions. Over and above all these many coaches actually consider… (7)… (determine) or a will-to-win as being more important, stating that a positive mental attitude and self-control will enable an athlete to full his potential and maybe even break records.
Еxercise 11. Find English equivalents to the Ukrainian words from the underlined words and word combinations:
ответственный, соревноваться, побить рекорд, превосходить, кроме того, в приложение, делать возможным, воля к победе, качества, считать, владеть, отношение, очевидно, кроме всего прочего, выбранная сфера деятельности, устойчивость, самообладание, решаться, пополнить свой потенциал, утверждать , посвящать
34
Follow-up Activities
Еxercise 12. Read the text again, then talk about the benefits and / or drawbacks of each sport.
e.g. Supercircuits: improves strength and fitness but is very demanding etc. Еxercise 13. Tell your partner about:
the sport you would most/least like to do;
the sport you do;
the sport you would like to coach.
Reading
Еxercise 14. Read the article, underline the key sentences and give headings to all the passages. Make up a list of words and expressions with regard to sport. Describe the basics of coaching, leading to success.
All Blacks coaches Graham Henry, Steve Hansen and Wayne Smith's knowledge of northern hemisphere rugby could be crucial in determining the outcome of the test series against the British and Irish Lions, captain Tana Umaga said.
Henry was coach of Wales and the Lions in 2001, Hansen succeeded him in the Welsh job and Smith coached English club Northampton before returning to their home country.
"All our coaches have been coaching in the northern hemisphere and they understand the need for us to have a solid base at set phase for scrum, lineout and kickoff," Umaga told the Lions website on Monday.
"Graham's trying to mould both cultures of rugby together, our love of the open game and trying to use all of the players with the UK-based emphasis on the forward pack.
That's something the British are best at. They just seem to be so strong in that area. They have brought that knowledge to the All Blacks."
Umaga said it was up to the players to make use of the information passed on to them.
"The coaches have been in the game a long time and they are just sharing their knowledge with us and it's up to us to get on to it and learn and take it all in.
It's hard when you have a lot of knowledge and you're trying to give it to other people but the other people are reluctant to change their ways.
The players we have want to learn everything we can."
Еxercise 15. You are going to read an article about the Sail Training Association.
Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-I for each part of the article. There is one extra heading which you do not need to use.
35
There is an example at the beginning (0).
A trophy for international cooperation.
Happy to return to dry land.
A change of destination.
Arriving in Antwerp.
International cooperation.
Close sleeping arrangements.
Communication difficulties.
Good to visit new ports.
An experience to remember.
0 [E] The Sail Training Association is a British charity organisation which gives young people a chance to sail on a large ship while making friends from other countries. It recently gave thirty-nine youngsters from eight European countries the opportunity to sail the "Sir Winston Churchill" on the final leg of the Cutty Sark Tall Ships Race to Antwerp.
1 [ ] Although this particular voyage wasn't successful in terms of reaching its destination – Antwerp – it was a success in uniting people by giving them the experience of sailing a ship at sea for five days. The Cutty Sark race is not exactly a race. The trophy is awarded to the ship and crew that contribute most to international understanding and friendship.
2 [ ] The "Sir Winston Churchill" had problems because of high winds and a very rough sea. The captain had to turn the ship away from its destination after two days' sailing, because the young novice sailors were getting increasingly seasick.
3 [ ] This did not disappoint the captain. Before the voyage began, he stressed the importance of teamwork. When it became clear they couldn't reach Antwerp, he made it known that he enjoyed showing the "trainees" new ports of call. "Most know Antwerp", he said, "but few have been to Norway".
4 [ ] As for the trainees, after they survived the first two days of bad weather and seasickness, they enjoyed the work they had to do and the friends they made. They had to raise sails by hand, clean the ship, and help with the cooking. This, and the sleeping arrangements – all 39 slept in a space only eight by fifteen metres – was perfect for becoming close through cooperation and patience.
5 [ ] A problem everyone knew they would face was the language. Everyone had to speak some English to participate. One of the most frequent phrases heard was the request to speak more slowly, as instructions were shouted over the sound of the sea. But working together – and being seasick together
– only brought the participants closer together.
36
6 [ ] Each of the young people had their own impressions of their experience. One said it was like eating, drinking and sleeping on a fairground ride. Another saw the beauty of the stars and the moon forming a path for the boat at night. They all agreed they had no regrets and were pleased to have done things they never thought they'd do.
7 [ ] Some of the participants heard about the voyage from friends or relatives who had already done it. One young man wrote to the British Embassy in Brussels asking how he could learn English and sail at the same time. Whatever their reasons were for leaving dry land for the unpredictable sea, they were all glad to return as they woke the small Norwegian port town with their singing and cheering.
SUPPLEMENTARY READING
Reading
Еxercise 1. You are going to read a magazine article about dog-sled racing. Seven sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences (A–H) the one which fits each gap (1–7). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. There is an example at the beginning (1)
Dog-sled Racing
On the first Saturday morning of March each year, about 70 dog-sled racers leave the snow-covered streets of Anchorage, in Alaska, and head for the town of Nome, on the Bering Straits. As they battle through the icy rivers, cross frozen seas and struggle against temperatures that can drop to 50°C, the only thing on their minds is reaching Nome with their team of 14 or more husky dogs still alive, and their snow sleds in one piece.
The race is as much a matter of perseverance as of intelligence. 1 [B] Serious teams keep going day and night for ten-hour stretches, taking as short a time to sleep as possible. But the rules state that each team has to take one 24-hour break some time during the race. 2 [ ]
The Iditarod, as the Alaskan race is called, is the longest and most dif-ficult competition in the dog-sled racing calendar, and Alaska has exactly the right land and climate for it.
The strange sport of mushing, as its followers describe their passion, has attracted 10,000 people from all over the world and there are teams from Australia, the UK and other European countries. 3 [ ] It's also a sport in which men and women can compete as true equals – in fact women have won the Iditarod more times in recent years than men.
With all the interest in the sport on this side of the Atlantic, it is not surprising that the second biggest dog-sled race is in Europe.
37
4 [ ] Starting in the Italian village of La Thuile, the ten-day race is made up of timed cross-country stages and averages about 40 kilometres a day through France and Austria before finishing in Switzerland.
The Alpinrod does not test the strength and staying power as much as the Iditarod does.
5 [ ] Mushers stay overnight in Alpine villages and are transported be-tween stages by bus.
In the UK race, snow is a problem – or rather, the lack of it. 6 [ ] Dog-sled races are held most wee4kends from October to March in Wales, Scot-land and northern England. Ironically, last year's British dog-sled race had to be cancelled because of a heavy frost – the hard ground would have cut the huskies' feet.
In comparison to the Alaskan and Alpine marathons, the British races are like a Sunday afternoon walk. This makes it easier to get involved in the sport, although it is still fairly expensive. 7 [ ] Husky puppies cost &350 each and a sled about the same amount. The other equipment needed brings the cost of getting started up to about &1.200.
The sentences to put in:
This type of sport is dangerous, though, and has left many racers with serious injuries.
`It took the first winner twenty-one days to complete the race in 1973, although now the winner reaches Nome in under eleven days.
British racers often have to exchange their ice-runners for wheels.
The Alpinrod takes place each January and, as the name suggests, it is in the Alps.
To start you will need at least two huskies and a three-wheeled sled.
Choosing the right moment to rest is very important: the race has been won by as little as one or two minutes.
It is, however, still a major challenge for the world's top racers.
The reason for its popularity is simple: it offers an exciting experience and a unique challenge for both man and animal.
Reading
Еxercise 2. You are going to read a newspaper article about the French bicycle race, the Tour de France. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A–l for each part (1–7) of the article. There is one extra heading which you do not need to use. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Different attitudes to taking part.
Increased anticipation.
Will age be a factor?
38
Different styles of training.
Taking a short break.
The will to succeed.
Alike in many ways.
Competing again after injury.
Not trying to prove anything.

The Tour de France
As the suspense grows, two top cyclists prepare for the cycling event of the year
0 [D ] Tony Rominger and Miguel Indurain, the two favourites to win the July Tour de France, will be miles apart in their preparation for the race. One will stop racing and train in isolation, while the other will compete in an international race, both decisions highlighting the two sportsmen's distinctive training methods.
1 [ ] Rominger, after beating his rivals in recent weeks in the Tour of Spain, will no longer be in the public eye when the Spanish competition ends on 15th May in Madrid. The 33-year-old Swiss will rest for a few days before heading off to the high altitude of Colorado Springs for three weeks of training.
2 [ ] Indurain's main preparation for France will come in the three-week Tour of Italy which starts on 22 May. He will also race in the three-day Tour de L'Oise in France. It will be only his second stage race since hurting a knee tendon, which kept him on the sidelines from 4th April until the Tour of Romandy on 3rd May.
3 [ ] The different paths the pair are taking to prepare for the world's greatest race has only heightened the growing suspense for the battle royal be-tween the two cycling giants. Both riders are intelligent, calculating and share the same strengths. They both knew that the 1994 Tour de France was going to be like a heavyweight boxing match.
4 [ ] But as Rominger's first public appearance came to an end, he was quick to dismiss suggestions that his victory in the Tour of Spain was to show Indurain that he was better prepared than him. "This psychological business doesn't interest me," he said. "Indurain has his road and I have mine."
5 [ ] Whatever Indurain's destiny in the Tour of Italy. Rominger believes the Spaniard is the man to watch out for. He dismisses any idea that his main rival may be less fit this year. He also thinks Indurain's desire to win means that whatever happens in the Italian race, he will be ready in France. He is the one to beat.
6 [ ] Rominger went on to say: "Indurain has nothing but the Tour de France
39
on his mind. For me the tour is not an obsession but an objective." Rominger seems to see the Tour as more of a step up in his career than the culmination of a lifetime's athletic ambition.
7 [ ] Indurian uses equally complimentary language about Rominger. "He started the season very strongly with wins in the Tour of Pays Basque and Paris-Nice. At the age of 33, it may be difficult for him to progress further. Over the past two years, however, he has got stronger and is far more con-fident of his ability."
Еxercise 3. Read the following report, divide it into the passages and give the headings.
Millions Watch World Bijxest Sporting Event
Over 2 million spectators watched yesterday New York Marathon, the world's largest sporting event, which turned out to have 14,546 winners.
That is the number that finished out of 16,988 who officially started in the Marathon and were cheered as they ran through the streets of all five boroughs of the, city. The runners came from all 50 states of the U.S., plus the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico, as well as 68 foreign countries.
The first and last to complete the 26 miles and 385 yards symbolized in their different ways the spirit of the occasion.
In the lead, George O'Doud from Ireland and Inge Simonsen from Nor-way linked hands to run the last few yards and staged a dead heat for First place.
"What does it matter who wins?" said 33-year-old O'Doud. "Every run-ner who finishes this race is a winner." Some two hours later, the last one home was the oldest competitor, 84-year-old Bob Vann of Silver City, Colorado. "I feel good. It's great to be alive," he said.
The leaders made it an event of the highest athletic quality. At 2 hours, 8 minutes, 59 seconds, the joint winners ran the fastest Marathon ever had; 142 runners finished under 2 hours and 30 minutes.
Race director Fred Lebowitz said: "It went like a dream."
Medical crews under the direction of Dr. Yolanda Rodrigo treated hundreds of runners for exhaustion, but the worst damage reported was a broken leg. "We are surprised there were no more casualties – everyone was very fit," Dr. Rodrigo said.
The drizzly conditions were ideal for marathon running, and competitors praised the camaraderie of those taking pan, and the encouragement that the spectators gave them.
This aspect was summed up by 29-year-old jogger Doris Crowley, from Boston. Four miles from the finish she was on the point of quilting after stumbling to a halt.
40
Then, she said, she heard the crowd yelling out her number. "No one has ever cheered like that for me before." She said, "They gave me the strength to go on."
Еxercise 4. You are going to read an article about a muscle-building drug. Choose from the list A–l the sentence which best summarises each part (1–7) of the article. There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. There is an example at the beginning (0).
In reduced amounts, steroids can have great psychological benefits for the mentally ill.
For the impatient, quick results can lead to psychological dependency.
Lack of knowledge means that scientists cannot explain exactly how steroids work.
Steroids have many physical benefits, but hard work is still needed to gain muscles.
Normally a lot of hard work is needed to build up muscle.
Aggression and other personality problems can result from steroid
use.
Steroid use can lead you into a vicious circle.
Volunteers' personalities were severely altered by steroids.
Serious consideration is needed before making steroids part of your body – building routine.
Instant Muscle: The Bad News
0 [ E ] People who are into body-building have one goal in mind – to become the biggest, most muscular people in the world. To accomplish this, they will do almost anything to gain muscle. For most, this means hours of grind and toil at the gym. Given time and effort, these dedicated individuals become champions who gain the respect and envy of an admiring world.
1 [ ] Unrfortunately, there are those who want instant results and are willing to do anything to shortcut the time-honoured process. Many people are tempted to use anabolic steroids, because they promise quick muscle gain. While taking large doses of these magical potions, you can actually see your gains come almost daily – and this is how you can get hooked.
2 [ ] After a few weeks of incredible gains, you now try to give up the steroids, but soon start to see your muscle gain fade away. After a few weeks, you go back to the bottle to regain your beloved muscle mass. This is the first sign that the steroids are affecting your mind. They tell you that you can't be big without them, and that if you take more you can get even bigger.
3 [ ] As doses increase, you become a different person, both physically and
41
mentally. You probably won't even notice that you're going through what has been called the "roid rage" since you will be too occupied with building up mass. But others will see, and even experience, your personality changes. "Roid rages" (or violent behaviour) were previously thought to be an out-ward sign of the extreme joy associated with dynamic muscle growth. It now seems that heavy use of these steroids can seriously affect mood and personality.
4 [ ] It has been shown that steroids are associated with aggression. They can also increase alertness, elevate mood, improve memory and reduce fatigue – all of which are associated with steroids' stimulatory effect. For this reason, steroid hormones have been used to treat people with mental disturbances, such as schizophrenia and manic depression, for over fifty years – with few side effects. But in these cases the drugs were given in small doses to individuals who may have been lacking these steroids. What is not known is how massive doses of these powerful drugs affect the minds of normal individuals.
5 [ ] Last year, two well-documented medical studies looked at the effect of anabolic steroids on mood in normal individuals. Apart from some worrying physical changes, the participants reported major mood and personality problems, the severity increasing with the amount of steroids taken. As well as displaying extreme anger, aggression and insomnia, the volunteers were also often distracted and confused. Some developed extreme paranoia and depression when larger doses were given. The studies clearly showed that anabolic steroids do affect people – even when given in low doses for quite short periods of time.
6 [ ] The main reason for scientists' ignorance of the effects of steroids is that most users take different amounts and combinations of steroid types. We don't know which steroid combinations cause the mood swings. Also, the mental stability of users is not known before they start taking steroids and so it's not certain how any individual will react.
7 [ ] But one thing is known: steroids do fulfil their promise of rapid muscle growth, but the serious physical and mental side effects associated with their use means careful thought is required before deciding to start using them.
Follow up activity
Еxercise 5. Read the article again and give your idea of using steroids. Еxercise 6. Answer the questions:
Have you ever tried them, if you ever did what was the result?
Do you have any sport mates who has tried to improve his / her muscle mass. What about the result?
Can you give your advice to a newcomer in sport on the problem?
42
Vocabulary A accommodation размещение для прожива- нияaccomplish достигнутьadmit допустить, признатьaffect mood повлиять на настроениеaffect the mind воздействовать на умст- венные способностиage range возрастной диапазонaltitude высотаankle лодыжкаannual fee ежегодная платаarchery стрельба из лукаarrive прибытьarrow стрелаattempt попыткаattitude отношениеattracted привлеченныйaverage среднее числоB backboard наспинник (защитный) bat битаbaton эстафетная палочкаbatting helmet шлемbattle royal генеральное сражениеbe fond of любитьbe in progress проходить, происходитьbe off form быть не в формеbe scared to ta- бояться блокировкиcklebe tested for сделать анализ на наркоти- drugs киbeat битьbeat one’s rivals победить (побить) сопер- ников43
bite to eat перекуситьboroughs пригородborrow заимствоватьboundary границаbow лукbreath дыханиеbreathtaking захватывающий духС cancel a game отменить игруcasualties жертвыcatcher’s mask маска бейсболистаcatcher’s mitt перчатка бейсболистаcause причинаchallenge вызов, испытание, прео- долениеcharge fees брать платуcharges обвиненияcharity милосердие, благотвори- тельностьclub клюшка, дубинкаcompetent способныйcompetitors конкуренты, соперникиcomposition составcomprises включает в себяcompulsory обязательныйconcerned заинтересованный, обес- покоенныйconfusпутатьcontest соревнованиеcontrary to вопрекиcourteous staff учтивый персоналcramp судорогаcrash крушение, крах44
crowd cheer приветствие толпыcrucial критическийcruelty жестокостьcup holder завоеватель кубкаcurrents потокиcurriculum учебный планcycling езда на велосипедеD damage повреждение, ущербdaunting страшноdeadline крайний срокdemanded требуемыйdesire желаниеdespite несмотря наdestination место назначенияdestiny судьбаdiscount скидкаdisgrace позорdismiss отклонить, уволить, ис- ключитьdistinctive отличительныйdistracted отвлеченныйdog-sled racing гонки на санях в собачей упряжкеdrains стокиdraw ничьяdreadful ужасныйdress code штрих кодdrizzly моросливыйE elevate mood поднимать настроениеencouragement поддержкаend in draw/tie закончиться в ничьюendurance exer- упражнения на выносли- cisesвостьengage быть задействованнымentertainment развлечение45
envy завистьequestrian конный спортequipment оборудованиеevent соревнованиеexercise envi- условия для физическихronmentупражнений, тренажерыexertion усилиеexhaustion истощениеexhilarating волнующийexist существоватьexperience опытextra charge дополнительная платаextreme anger агрессияextreme joy чрезвычайная радостьF face guard защитный шлемfade away исчезнутьfairly expensive довольно дорогойfascinating очаровательныйfatalities несчастьяfinal leg последняя модельfit пригодный, в формеforward pack атаковать на переднемплане ( в регби) free of charge бесплатноfulfill one’s выполнить обещаниеpromise G gain muscles наращивать мускулыgamble азартная играget hooked стать зависимымget in shape быть в хорошей спортив- ной формеget seasick страдать морской болез- ньюgive up sport бросить спортglamorous очаровательный46
gleaming facili- прекрасные возможности, ties средстваgloves перчаткиgoggles солнцезащитные очкиgrind размолотьH hand one’s loss терпеть поражениеhang-gliders дельтапланыhard ground труднопроходимая мест- ностьhaunt преследоватьhead gear защитный головной уборheading off… взять высокую планку, со- altitude ревноваться с достойны- ми соперникамиheavyweight тяжеловесhelmet шлемhighlighting выдвижение на первыйпланhire нанять, взять в наемhockey puck хоккейная шайбаhoist подниматьhollow tube полая трубкаhoop кольцоhurdles препятствияhurt вред, ущерб, ушибhuskies’ feet лапы беговых собакhusky беговая собакаI ignorance невежествоimmaculate con- безупречные условия, со- ditionстояниеimpatient нетерпеливыйin advance заранееincrease увеличить47
increase alert- увеличить опасенияness incredible невероятныйinjure повредить, ранитьinsomnia бессонницаintroductory of- выгодные предложенияferдля новых членов клубаinvolve вовлечь, привлечьisolation изоляцияJ javelin копьеK kick off начать (матч) knee tendon сухожилие коленаknees колениL lack недостатокlacrosse лакроссleisure centreцентр досугаlend предоставить взаймыlimit пределlineout разбегаться (в регби) location местоположение, локацияlose weight похудетьM melt off fat сбросить жирmental distur- неполадки с головойbancesmentally ill психически больнойmere простойmood swings скачки настроенияmouldслепить, соединитьmud грязьmuddy грязныйmushing гонки в собачьих упряж- ках48
N net сетьnovice новичокO oar веслоobey the rules соблюдать правилаobjective цельobsession навязчивая идеяobstruction преградаoccur произойти, случитьсяoutward sign внешний признакown собственныйP passion страстьpatience терпениеpay-per-session плата за периодbasis perfect setting прекрасное оборудованиеperfecting skills совершенствование навы- ковperseverance настойчивостьpoint очкоpole-vault прыжок с шестомports of call промежуточные портыpraise похвалаpredict предсказатьpremises помещениеprivate locker частный шкафчикprogress продвижение, развитиеproper надлежащийprotect защититьpsychological психологическая зависи- dependency мостьpuck шайбаpuddles лужи49
punch bags боксерские грушиpurchase up закупатьQ queue очередьquilt размякнутьR rage гневreduce fatigue снять усталостьreduced amounts уменьшенные количестваregret сожалениеrelated cвязанный; относящийсяrelay эстафетаreluctant неохотныйrely smoke flare ориентироваться на ды- мовые вспышкиretire выйти в отставку, на пен- сиюreveal показать, открыть, обна- ружитьreward наградаrigid material твердый материалroutes маршрутыrowing гребляS safe сейф, безопасныйscenery пейзажscore счетscrum толпаsecure безопасныйsetting урегулирование, установ- каseverity серьезность, жесткостьshin guards голено-защитникиshortcut the time сократить времяshot put короткий выстрел50
shuttlecock бадминтонside effects побочные эффектыsidelines боковые линииsign up подписаться, вступитьsimilar подобныйskippered yacht шкиперная яхтаskipping rope скакалкаsky-diving свободное падениеsmashing столкновениеsoft canopy навес из мягкой тканиsoftball софтболspacious car просторная автостоянкаpark sparring in the спарринг в кольцеring spirit духsport facilities спортивные средстваstage a dead heat сыграть вничьюsteer parachute управлять парашютомstick клюшкаstiff winds суровые ветраstrained backs потянуть спинные мыш- цыstretches отрезкиstumbling спотыканиеstumblе to a halt спотыкаться и замедлятьбегsturdy boots крепкие ботинкиsucceed преуспетьsupporter сторонникsurvive выжитьsuspense напряжение, взвешенноесостояниеsweat пот51
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