Проект на тему: Английские заимствования в русском языке.

English borrowings in the Russian Language.A research work by Sherban Yana,Pishev Maksim 9 ‘’V’’ from Bobrovskaya school № 2. Teacher : Malkina E.I. As you know, on the Earth there are about 2500 Languages.The English Language as means of international communication has greater in fluence on the Russian Language. The aim of my research work is to find out the most famous and popular English borrowings in the Russian Language, reasons for their appearance.The methods of researching are studying special literature and questioning friends and classmates. To achieve my goal l put such tasks :1. To study literature on this theme.2. To find out the reasons of borrowings from the English language.3. To extend the knowledge of the English language.4. To classify English borrowings.5. To make a dictionary of frequently using borrowings. Ways of formation. Direct borrowings.These borrowings have the same meaning in both languages. For instance:Уик-энд(weekend) – days off – выходные;Блэк (black) – Negro – негр;Мани (money) – currency – деньги; Hybrids.Such borrowings are formed with the help of different Russian suffixes and prefixes. But in this case the meaning of the borrowed word changes a little.Аскать (to ask – просить), бузить (busy – беспокойный, суетливый). Loan-translation.Such borrowings have the same writing and analogical pronunciation. For instance: меню, пароль, диск, вирус, клуб, саркофаг. Exotic borrowings.Exotic borrowings are such kind of borrowings which have no Russian synonyms and have the same pronunciation: чипсы (chips), хот-дог (hot-dog), чизбургер (cheeseburger). Composed borrowings.Composed borrowings consist of two English words. For instance: секонд-хенд (second-hand) – магазин, торгующий одеждой, бывшего употребления;Видео-салон (video salon) – комната для просмотра фильмов. We also have done a research according to the use 'of English borrowings in different spheres.6,7% of borrowings are used by an authority and politics. The same amount is used in sports, music, cinema and fashion.20,7% of borrowings are used in economics, but most of borrowings are used by mass media. The use of English borrowings in different spheres. Frequently used borrowed English words.Ася – ICQ- программа, позволяющая людям общаться в интернете.Геймер – gamer – игрок.Коммент – comment – комментарий.Мэйк-ап – make-up – макияж.Он-лайн – прямой эфир.Пипл – people – люди, народ.Смайлы – smile – улыбкаУнивер – university – университет.Форева – forever – навсегда.Шоппинг – shopping – поход по магазинам.Шоу – show – шоу, зрелищное представлениеДиск – disk – дискПлиз – please – пожалуйстаСити – city – городХеппи-энд – happy-end – счастливый конец. Список наиболее используемых заимствований среди учащихся{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}Слово на русском языкеЛексическое значениеАнглийское словобойфрендДруг,пареньBoyfriendО’кейВсё в порядкеOKПатиВечеринкаPartyКулКруто,прикольноCoolВауСупер,блистательноWowШоппингПоход по магазинамShoppingФорэваНавсегдаForeverСорриИзвени,простиSorryАутсайдерСтоящий в сторонеOutsiderГеймИграGameОнлайнНа линииOnlineДи-джейДиск жокейDJ Conlusion.So we come to the conclusion that the most of the English borrowings appeared in the Russian language at the end of the twentieth century, because it was the age of scientific revolution, when new objects, notions, phenomena came into use.(Notebook, organizer, scanner). On the one hand it is the necessity; on the other hand we lose our uniqueness. Some people say that borrowings clutter up languages, others think just on the contrary. As for me l share the opinion that they enrich our speech, raise our culture. Knowledge of foreign words broadens the mind; expands the horizon, helps people to understand the world better. I want to finish my report with words by Nikolai Alekseevich Zabolotskiy:Тот кто жизнью живет настоящей,Кто в поэзии с детства привык,Вечно верует в животворящий, Полный разума русский язык. Literature:Брейтер М.А. Англицизмы в русском языке: история и перспективы.Ваулина Е.У., Скляревская Г.Н. Давайте говорить правильно!: Новейшие и наиболее распространенные заимствования в современном русском языке.Дьяков А.И. Причины интенсивного заимствования англицизмов в современном русском языке. Thanks for the attention.