Презентация на тему The strategy of an interpreter (5 класс)

The strategy of an interpreter Introduction Translation is a means of interlingual communication. The translator makes possible an exchange of information Between the users of different languages by producing In the target language a text which has an identical communacative value with the source text. As a kind of practical activities translation is a set of actions are largely Intuitive and the best results are naturally achieved by translators who are Best suited for the job, who are well-trained or have a special Aptitude, a talent for it. Masterpieces in translation are created by the past masters Of the art, true artists in their profession. At its best Translation is an art, a creation of a talented , High- skilled professional, Some of the legendary figures of interdicting include Jean Herbert, Andre Kaminski and Prince Constantine Andronicus, who was personal interdictor to General de Gaulle and one of the founders of AIIC, which was established in 1953 A brief history of interpretation In mid-fifties of the last century conference interdictor was still in its infancy with the first simultaneous interdictation having been used after World War II at the Nuremburg Trials ( English, Russian and German. The fisrt interdictors were not trained but entered the profession on the strength of their mastery languages. Characteristic features of oral translation Psycho psychological discomfort caused by the necessity to listen and to speak simultaneously Psycho psychological strain connected with irreversibility of that the reporter has said into the microphone, the reporter wont be stopped and asked to repeat Psychological strain connected with big audience and irreversibility of the translation. It is impossible to excuse and to correct Psycho psychological strain caused by quick speech. The simultaneous interdictor must always speak quickly without pauses otherwise he will be left behind The specialists pay attention to the following factors which determine the difficulty of simultaneous translation Difficuilt linguistic task of tying up the utterances in the language which have different structure during the simultaneous translation uedxj Language and its usage Occasions and Stakeholders Logistical preparation - The interpreter should to carry his own small tape-recorder or cellphone/recorder with him at all times to record his actual interpreting work for his own performance assessment. Remember, interpreting work is not always in a very well-organized formal situation. It may take place anywhere and anytime. This small extra work may improve his performance and bring the interpreter up to a more professional level. Make sure to let the speaker or the organizer know of this recording by asking their permission to do it for personal improvement, rather than for commercial or political purposes. The interpreter should have a pen and a small notebook on him to put down certain points during a session of discussion if the audience is given a chance to comment and raise questions (in a discussion situation). The interpreter should ask the speaker if he has a hard copy of the talk and review it before going on stage. This will help the interpreter to find out new terms that he needs to clarify with the speaker or a friend to avoid misinterpreting. If the speaker is invited to deliver a speech without written notes, the interpreter should ask the speaker to brief him on the main points. Some Strategies The interpreter should keep eye contact with the audience or with an individual when sitting or standing in front of them. The interpreter should speak up to ensure that the message is clearly heard and understood by the audience. The interpreter should ask the speaker to raise the volume of his voice when he speaks too softly. This is to avoid asking for repetition of unclear words or missing the point when the environment is polluted by external noises. The interpreter should listen to the speaker with full concentration while performing the job. He must not bring any psychological burden with him that might interfere with his work. He must refuse to do the job if he has a psychological problem or a bad mood on that day. -The interpreter should ask the speaker to repeat an important point if the interpreter has missed it. He does not have to feel that the speaker or the audience may think he is stupid if he asks for clarification or repetition. -The interpreter should sit or stand close to the speaker so as to interpret what the first speakers say if it's an event (e.g. opening ceremony of a new project) where several speakers are invited to deliver their speeches, or comments may be made or questions asked by individuals from the audience. -The interpreter should not look at the written version of the speech if the speaker provides him with one, because this will interfere with his concentration. He has to put it aside right away and concentrate on the verbal message, because the process of listening to and interpreting incoming messages in the Short Term Memory is faster than reading. In addition, some good speakers usually do some improvisation and adaptations while delivering their speeches because of new information received from previous speakers or new ideas occurring to them spontaneously. -The interpreter should put down some particular points during a discussion, especially if the speaker is flooded with comments and questions from different people attending the meeting. The interpreter should select the appropriate language and acceptable forms of addressing when talking to the audience or a particular individual. Apart from a hand phone on a teleconference or a telephone meeting, the speaker-phone button on an office telephone must be pressed when interpreting so both the speaker and the interpreter can clearly hear the comments, questions, and answers from the speaker at the other end. The interpreter should stop the speaker at the other end when he speaks too fast. This usually happens when the speaker at the other end does not realize that interpreting is in progress The interpreter should remind the remote speaker to adapt to the pace of the speaker on his side. When interpreting a speech outdoors, e.g. at the project site, the interpreter should raise his voice to reach the audience standing far from the speaker if there is no a battery-operated loudspeaker available (in the Indonesian tradition, several speeches are usually delivered prior to cutting a ribbon or laying the first brick to signal the beginning of a new project in an opening ceremony) Thank you for your attention!!!