Презентация Политическая система Объединенного Королевства Великобритании и Северной Ирландии

POLITICAL SYSTEM OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND Union Jack British national flag is called "Union Jack". It symbolises the Union of England, Scotland and Ireland and dates back from 1801. The flag is made up of the crosses of the patron saints of: England (St George's red cross on a white field) Ireland (St Patrick's red diagonals on a white field) Scotland (St Andrew's white diagonals on a blue field) Wales is not represented because when the flag first appeared it was already united with England. ENGLAND Is the largest and most populous constituent country of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.85% of the total population of the United Kingdom live there.Population:  2006 - est.: 50,690,000   (2001 – census: 49,138,831)Area: 130,395 kmІ  Constituent – zбkladnн, volebnн; Census – sčнtбnн lidu; The national floral emblem of England Tudor Rose was adopted as a national emblem of England around the time of the Wars of the Roses. The rose is used in a variety of contexts in its use for England's representation. Tudor Rose the British Twenty Pence coin the Royal Coat of Arms The Constitution 1. The LEGISLATIVE power: The Houses of Parliament The Government THE SOVEREIGN at present Queen Elizabeth II.mainly symbolical function (she takes part at ceremonials, traditional celebrations,..) she appoints ministers, judges and governorsshe is the head of the Armed Forces and of the Church of EnglandTHE HOUSE OF LORDShas over 1000 members the head is the Lord Chancellormade up of the Lords of Temporal (about 900), the Lords Spiritual  (2 Archbishops of Canterbury and York + 24 bishops of the Church of England)they sign the bills to consider it as a law, they can refuse bills got from The House of CommonsTHE HOUSE OF COMMONSconsists of 651 Members of Parliament (MPs) – each represents a particular part of the countrythey pass the bills the Speaker (elected by MPs) = the chief officer - he presides over the houseelections – every 5 yearsminimum voting age – 18 yearscandidates must be over 21          Benches in the House of Commons Chamber are coloured green. In contrast, the House of Lords is decorated in red. 2. The EXECUTIVE power: THE GOVERNMENTthe head is Prime Minister (the leader of the party, which has the majority in The House of Commons)Present PM is Tony Blair – the representative of the Labour Party (lives at 11 Downing Street)         he chooses his government ministers (about 20) = the Cabinet (formally appointed by the Queen)the second strongest party forms an Opposition (Shadow-Cabinet)the Prime Minister with the Cabinet have real political power 3. The JUDICIAL power: THE SUPREME COURT consists of the Court of Appeal and the High Court of Justice Appeal – odvolбvat se; Political parties in the UK today: The Labour Party - left wing, their program includes many social reforms and active social politicsThe Conservative Party – right wing, they put more emphasis in private enterpriseThe LiberalsSocial and Liberal Democrats - left of centreScottish National Party (SNP)Sinn Fйin - the oldest political movement in Ireland Emphasis – důraz; Enterprise – podnikбnн;