Тренировочные упражнения по языковому материалу раздела Грамматика при подготовке к ЕГЭ по английскому языку по материалам ФИПИ
Открытый банк ЕГЭ B4-B10
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Apollo and CassandraIn ancient Greece there were many temples built for Apollo. He was the god of youth, beauty, music and poetry. Besides, Apollo had one very special skill - he could see the future. The Temple in Troy was one of the _GREAT_ of all Apollo's Temples.One day, having nothing better to do, Apollo came to the temple in Troy. Among other _WOMAN_ he saw Cassandra, a young and beautiful priestess, who worked at the temple.Apollo _IMPRESS_ by her grace.The minute Apollo saw Cassandra, he _FALL_ in love. It was love at first sight. Apollo offered her a deal. He would give Cassandra the gift of being able to see the future, if she gave him a kiss. Cassandra agreed. With a laugh, Apollo gave her the gift, _DREAM_ about the reward. Instantly, Cassandra could see the future. She saw Apollo, in the future, helping the Greeks destroy Troy. When Apollo bent his head to gently kiss her, she angrily spat in his face. Apollo got very angry. He _NOT/CAN_ take away his gift, but he was able to add to it. So, whatever Cassandra said, no one would believe her. That was his second gift. When Cassandra begged her people in Troy to watch out for the Trojan horse, they _NOT BELIEVE_ her. And that was the end of Troy.
Apollo and CassandraIn ancient Greece there were many temples built for Apollo. He was the god of youth, beauty, music and poetry. Besides, Apollo had one very special skill - he could see the future. The Temple in Troy was one of the _GREATEST_ of all Apollo's Temples.One day, having nothing better to do, Apollo came to the temple in Troy. Among other _WOMEN_ he saw Cassandra, a young and beautiful priestess, who worked at the temple.Apollo _WAS IMPRESSED_ by her grace.The minute Apollo saw Cassandra, he _FELL_ in love. It was love at first sight. Apollo offered her a deal. He would give Cassandra the gift of being able to see the future, if she gave him a kiss. Cassandra agreed. With a laugh, Apollo gave her the gift, _DREAMING_ about the reward. Instantly, Cassandra could see the future. She saw Apollo, in the future, helping the Greeks destroy Troy. When Apollo bent his head to gently kiss her, she angrily spat in his face. Apollo got very angry. He _COULD NOT_ take away his gift, but he was able to add to it. So, whatever Cassandra said, no one would believe her. That was his second gift. When Cassandra begged her people in Troy to watch out for the Trojan horse, they _DID NOT BELIEVE_ her. And that was the end of Troy.
MinotaurThe legends of ancient Greece tell us about the half man-half bull called the Minotaur. People were afraid of this strange and terrible beast _LIVE_ in a deep, dark Labyrinth on the island of Crete.The Labyrinth _ DESIGN _ by the cunning and ingenious mind of Daedalus.Daedalus was a brilliant architect and inventor – in fact, he was so brilliant that King Minos of Crete _ NOT WANT _ to let him go back to his home in Athens.Instead, he _KEEP_ him as a prisoner.Daedalus lived with his son Icarus in a tower of the palace, and King Minos made him invent weapons of war that would make his army and navy even _POWERFUL_ than they already were.Although Daedalus and Icarus had every comfort that they _CAN_ ask for, the father longed to return home to Athens. Icarus hardly remembered his city, but he too wanted to leave, because he longed to run and play in the open, rather than be in a tower all day.Daedalus looked out over the waves of the sea, and he realised that even if they managed to slip out of the tower and find a little boat, they would not be able to sail far. One of King Minos’s _SEAMAN_ would spot and catch them very soon.
MinotaurThe legends of ancient Greece tell us about the half man-half bull called the Minotaur. People were afraid of this strange and terrible beast _LIVING_ in a deep, dark Labyrinth on the island of Crete.The Labyrinth _WAS DESIGNED _ by the cunning and ingenious mind of Daedalus.Daedalus was a brilliant architect and inventor – in fact, he was so brilliant that King Minos of Crete _DID NOT WANT_ to let him go back to his home in Athens.Instead, he _KEPT_ him as a prisoner.Daedalus lived with his son Icarus in a tower of the palace, and King Minos made him invent weapons of war that would make his army and navy even _MORE POWERFUL_ than they already were.Although Daedalus and Icarus had every comfort that they _COULD_ ask for, the father longed to return home to Athens. Icarus hardly remembered his city, but he too wanted to leave, because he longed to run and play in the open, rather than be in a tower all day.Daedalus looked out over the waves of the sea, and he realised that even if they managed to slip out of the tower and find a little boat, they would not be able to sail far. One of King Minos’s _SEAMEN_ would spot and catch them very soon.
A phone callAmong the e-mails waiting for me at work one morning was one from a member of my staff. It was sent from his personal e-mail address and there was only his home phone number. Thinking something was wrong, I immediately called _HE_.A sleepy female voice answered and told me he was at work and _COME_ home late in the evening.The _BAD_ moment was when I remembered that I had recently asked staff members to give me their home numbers. I went right down to the employee’s office to apologize for my call._LATE_, however, he thanked me. I had awakened his daughter, who had an exam that morning but had forgotten to set her alarm. Thanks to my call, she hadn't missed the exam.
A phone callAmong the e-mails waiting for me at work one morning was one from a member of my staff. It was sent from his personal e-mail address and there was only his home phone number. Thinking something was wrong, I immediately called _HIM_.A sleepy female voice answered and told me he was at work and _WOULD COME_ home late in the evening.The _WORST_ moment was when I remembered that I had recently asked staff members to give me their home numbers. I went right down to the employee’s office to apologize for my call._LATER_, however, he thanked me. I had awakened his daughter, who had an exam that morning but had forgotten to set her alarm. Thanks to my call, she hadn't missed the exam.
New Seven Wonders of the World: Machu PicchuMachu Picchu, often called "The Lost City of the Incas", is probably the most famous symbol of the Incan Empire. Machu Picchu is situated 7,875 _FOOT_ above sea level in Peru.Machu Picchu _BUILD_ around the year 1460 by the Inca as a secret ceremonial city, very well hidden and protected.The ruins of Machu Picchu were rediscovered in 1911 by an American archaeologist. Since then, Machu Picchu _BECOME_ an important tourist attraction. Thousands of visitors come here every year to admire its wonders.
New Seven Wonders of the World: Machu PicchuMachu Picchu, often called "The Lost City of the Incas", is probably the most famous symbol of the Incan Empire. Machu Picchu is situated 7,875 _FEET_ above sea level in Peru.Machu Picchu _WAS BUILT_ around the year 1460 by the Inca as a secret ceremonial city, very well hidden and protected.The ruins of Machu Picchu were rediscovered in 1911 by an American archaeologist. Since then, Machu Picchu _HAS BECOME_ an important tourist attraction. Thousands of visitors come here every year to admire its wonders.
Singing in the carMy elder brother likes all kinds of music. He prefers jazz but also listens to pop music and sometimes goes to classical music concerts. But when driving _I_ in his car, he insists on listening to heavy-metal music. For a long time I _NOT CAN_ understand why he was doing it.He knew very well that for me it was the _BAD_ kind of music.One day I decided to ask him why he always chooses this type while driving. “Well, sister,” he reluctantly replied, “to be frank, it's mainly so you can't sing along.” He added that he _LISTEN_ to anything else if only I promised not to sing along.
Singing in the carMy elder brother likes all kinds of music. He prefers jazz but also listens to pop music and sometimes goes to classical music concerts. But when driving _ME_ in his car, he insists on listening to heavy-metal music. For a long time I _COULD NOT_ understand why he was doing it.He knew very well that for me it was the _WORST_ kind of music.One day I decided to ask him why he always chooses this type while driving. “Well, sister,” he reluctantly replied, “to be frank, it's mainly so you can't sing along.” He added that he _WOULD LISTEN_ to anything else if only I promised not to sing along.
Honesty is the best policyTo learn more about her students, my younger brother's teacher sent home a lengthy questionnaire at the beginning of the school year. She asked _THEY_ about their likes and dislikes and about many other things.She asked what they _THINK_ about their school in twenty years time.Some of the questions were so difficult that I _NOT CAN_ answer them offhand though I was 6 years his senior. The _BAD_ question, in my opinion, was the one relating to their self-image: "When you look in a mirror, what do you see?" But my ten-year-old brother had no trouble with his answer: "Myself, and everything behind me."
Honesty is the best policyTo learn more about her students, my younger brother's teacher sent home a lengthy questionnaire at the beginning of the school year. She asked _THEM_ about their likes and dislikes and about many other things.She asked what they _WOULD THINK_ about their school in twenty years time.Some of the questions were so difficult that I _COULD NOT_ answer them offhand though I was 6 years his senior. The _WORST_ question, in my opinion, was the one relating to their self-image: "When you look in a mirror, what do you see?" But my ten-year-old brother had no trouble with his answer: "Myself, and everything behind me."
Excuses, excuses ...For years my husband, Tom, and I had complained bitterly about the lack of sidewalks in our village. We didn't have enough exercise but we _NOT CAN_ jog because there were no sidewalks.Tom had often told _I_, "If only we had sidewalks, we would jog or walk daily and become models of fitness".So we were thrilled when a community sidewalk project was announced, and watched eagerly as paving neared completion. Then the _BAD_ thing happened: wishful thinking and reality collided. "Well, dear," Tom said. "What'll we use as an excuse for not walking now?" I said I _THINK_ of some excuse.
Excuses, excuses ...For years my husband, Tom, and I had complained bitterly about the lack of sidewalks in our village. We didn't have enough exercise but we _COULD NOT_ jog because there were no sidewalks.Tom had often told _ME_, "If only we had sidewalks, we would jog or walk daily and become models of fitness".So we were thrilled when a community sidewalk project was announced, and watched eagerly as paving neared completion. Then the _WORST_ thing happened: wishful thinking and reality collided. "Well, dear," Tom said. "What'll we use as an excuse for not walking now?" I said I _WOULD THINK_ of some excuse.
As old as a brontosaurusAs we walked around the Prehistoric Park in Calgary, I had my six-year-old son, Jordie, pose for a picture with a brontosaurus in the background. After I took the photo, I _NOT CAN_ help crying."What’s wrong, Mom?" Jordie asked. I explained that when I was his age, my parents had taken my picture standing in exactly the same spot, and I was feeling rather nostalgic. I added that perhaps one day he _TAKE_ his son’s picture here.Puzzled, he looked several times from the brontosaurus to _I_ . And then came the _BAD_ moment of my life. My son said, "But …when you were a girl ... it was alive then, right?"
As old as a brontosaurusAs we walked around the Prehistoric Park in Calgary, I had my six-year-old son, Jordie, pose for a picture with a brontosaurus in the background. After I took the photo, I _COULD NOT_ help crying."What’s wrong, Mom?" Jordie asked. I explained that when I was his age, my parents had taken my picture standing in exactly the same spot, and I was feeling rather nostalgic. I added that perhaps one day he _WOULD TAKE_ his son’s picture here.Puzzled, he looked several times from the brontosaurus to _ME_ . And then came the _WORST_ moment of my life. My son said, "But …when you were a girl ... it was alive then, right?"
A cup of coffeeOnce I was travelling in Italy. It was a lovely day. I had been driving for two hours already. When I came to the next little town, I _NOT CAN_ help stopping for a cup of coffee.I wandered along the street until I came upon some parasol-shaded tables which seemed to _ I _ very nice. I settled and opened my book.It was taking a long time for the waiter to arrive, but I was in no hurry. I was sure that the waiter _COME_ soon. But finally, becoming impatient, I turned to signal for service and saw the neon sign. That was the _BAD_ moment ... I discovered that I was sitting outside a store selling garden furniture.
A cup of coffeeOnce I was travelling in Italy. It was a lovely day. I had been driving for two hours already. When I came to the next little town, I _COULD NOT_ help stopping for a cup of coffee.I wandered along the street until I came upon some parasol-shaded tables which seemed to _ ME _ very nice. I settled and opened my book.It was taking a long time for the waiter to arrive, but I was in no hurry. I was sure that the waiter _WOULD COME_ soon. But finally, becoming impatient, I turned to signal for service and saw the neon sign. That was the _WORST_ moment ... I discovered that I was sitting outside a store selling garden furniture.
Alaska flagDo you know any kids’ inventions? One of them is 13-year-old Bennie Benson from the USA, who designed the state flag of Alaska in 1926. His design _CHOOSE_ in a flag-designing contest._LATE_, in 1959, it became the official flag of Alaska. The blue background is for the sky and the forget-me-not, the state flower.The flag also has the Big Dipper (a symbol of strength) and the North Star (also _CALL_ Polaris), which representsAlaska's northern location.For a prize Bennie _WIN _ a $1000 scholarship and a watch.
Alaska flagDo you know any kids’ inventions? One of them is 13-year-old Bennie Benson from the USA, who designed the state flag of Alaska in 1926. His design _WAS CHOSEN_ in a flag-designing contest._LATER_, in 1959, it became the official flag of Alaska. The blue background is for the sky and the forget-me-not, the state flower.The flag also has the Big Dipper (a symbol of strength) and the North Star (also _CALLED_ Polaris), which representsAlaska's northern location.For a prize Bennie _WON _ a $1000 scholarship and a watch.
CampingThis year we decided to go on a camping trip. It was our _ONE_ experience.We started _PACK_ a month before the trip. When our neighbor saw the assortment of boxes, bins and gear strapped to our car’s roof rack, she came rushing over. “Oh!” she exclaimed. “I _NOT KNOW_ you were leaving! I’m so glad I got to see you before you moved!”
CampingThis year we decided to go on a camping trip. It was our _FIRST_ experience.We started _TO PACK_ a month before the trip. When our neighbor saw the assortment of boxes, bins and gear strapped to our car’s roof rack, she came rushing over. “Oh!” she exclaimed. “I _DID NOT KNOW_ you were leaving! I’m so glad I got to see you before you moved!”
What country has no rivers?Hard to believe it, but there is such a country! Libya _LOCATE_ in North Africa and borders on the Mediterranean Sea.It’s the _FIFTEEN_ largest country on Earth. But more than 90 percent of Libya is desert, and there’s not a single permanent river in Libya!This huge country, more than four times the size of California, has a _SMALL_ population than a number of cities in California.Libya _BECOME_ an independent nation in 1951.
What country has no rivers?Hard to believe it, but there is such a country! Libya _IS LOCATED_ in North Africa and borders on the Mediterranean Sea.It’s the _FIFTEENTH_ largest country on Earth. But more than 90 percent of Libya is desert, and there’s not a single permanent river in Libya!This huge country, more than four times the size of California, has a _SMALLER_ population than a number of cities in California.Libya _BECAME_ an independent nation in 1951.
A lesson on efficiencyI remember my last year at school very well. There were three boys _NAME_ William in my class.Miss Fisher, one of the teachers, called them all William, and we _NOT KNOW_ which one she was talking to.One day, during a lesson on efficiency, she thundered, “William, put that gum you _CHEW_ in the wastepaper bin at once!” All three of them started to rise, paused, then walked to the front of the class to dispose of their gum. The teacher beamed. “Three for one! Now that's efficiency.”
A lesson on efficiencyI remember my last year at school very well. There were three boys _NAMED_ William in my class.Miss Fisher, one of the teachers, called them all William, and we _DID NOT KNOW_ which one she was talking to.One day, during a lesson on efficiency, she thundered, “William, put that gum you _ARE CHEWING_ in the wastepaper bin at once!” All three of them started to rise, paused, then walked to the front of the class to dispose of their gum. The teacher beamed. “Three for one! Now that's efficiency.”
Zanzibar historyIn 1896, Said Khalid seized power in Zanzibar. A British fleet soon arrived at the port of Zanzibar and ordered him out of the royal palace. Khalid refused to leave. At 9:02 on the morning of August 27, British ships started a fire on the palace, _BEGIN_ a war between Britain and Zanzibar.The palace _DESTROY_very quickly. At 9:40 that morning, Said Khalid surrendered and the war ended.This “war” was the _SHORT_ in history. It lasted a total of 38 minutes!The British _LATE_ requested money from the people of Zanzibar to pay for the shells the British warships had used to win the war.
Zanzibar historyIn 1896, Said Khalid seized power in Zanzibar. A British fleet soon arrived at the port of Zanzibar and ordered him out of the royal palace. Khalid refused to leave. At 9:02 on the morning of August 27, British ships started a fire on the palace, _BEGINNING_ a war between Britain and Zanzibar. (a war between Britain and Zanzibar _BEGAN_). The palace _WAS DESTROYED_very quickly. At 9:40 that morning, Said Khalid surrendered and the war ended.This “war” was the _SHORTEST_ in history. It lasted a total of 38 minutes!The British _LATELY_ requested money from the people of Zanzibar to pay for the shells the British warships had used to win the war.
A palace with 1,300 roomsIt was King Louis XIV of France who ordered a palace with 1,300 rooms in the 1600s. Louis wanted a bigger palace than any other king. In 1661, the French started _BUILD_ this new palace.It was located at a place outside Paris, _CALL_ Versailles.It had to be big – Louis’s court had 20,000 people, and Versailles _BECOME_ the centre of court life.
A palace with 1,300 roomsIt was King Louis XIV of France who ordered a palace with 1,300 rooms in the 1600s. Louis wanted a bigger palace than any other king. In 1661, the French started _TO BUILD_ this new palace.It was located at a place outside Paris, _CALLED_ Versailles.It had to be big – Louis’s court had 20,000 people, and Versailles _BECAME_ the centre of court life.
The popsicleNot all new things are created by wise old scientists. Frank Epperson invented the popsicle, fruit ice cream without milk, in 1905 when he was only 11 years old. Frank _LEAVE_ his drink outside on the porch overnight with the stir stick in it.That night the temperature dropped and froze things, _INCLUDE_ Frank's drink. That didn't stop him from tasting it.18 years _LATE_ Frank started his business.Just over 1 billion popsicles _EAT_ in the US each year. Out of the 30 flavors to choose from, orange has been the favorite for many years.
The popsicleNot all new things are created by wise old scientists. Frank Epperson invented the popsicle, fruit ice cream without milk, in 1905 when he was only 11 years old. Frank _LEFT_ his drink outside on the porch overnight with the stir stick in it.That night the temperature dropped and froze things, _INCLUDING_ Frank's drink. That didn't stop him from tasting it.18 years _LATER_ Frank started his business.Just over 1 billion popsicles _ARE EATEN_ in the US each year. Out of the 30 flavors to choose from, orange has been the favorite for many years.
Mother's DayWe are a family of four: my mom, my dad, my brother and I. One morning my dad started _COOK_ breakfast.Ben, my _YOUNG_ brother, asked him: "Why are you making Mommy breakfast? Is she sick?""No, dear," replied her father, "it's Mother's Day." Immediately the boy had another question. "Oh," he said, "then _BE_ every other day Father's Day?"
Mother's DayWe are a family of four: my mom, my dad, my brother and I. One morning my dad started _TO COOK_ breakfast.Ben, my _YOUNGER_ brother, asked him: "Why are you making Mommy breakfast? Is she sick?""No, dear," replied her father, "it's Mother's Day." Immediately the boy had another question. "Oh," he said, "then _WILL BE_ every other day Father's Day?"
The invention of video gamesDo you know the story behind the invention of video games? Here is the story of the _ONE_ video game.If you _READ_ this article in 2013, you probably imagine video games as we know them now. Nowadays we are used to online games full of colour and action.However, the story about the invention of video games dates back to the 1940s and to a patent registered by the US patent office. The invention patent _CALL_: “The cathode ray tube amusement.”It was very primitive by today’s standards but has given the inspiration for many video games created _LATE_.
The invention of video gamesDo you know the story behind the invention of video games? Here is the story of the _FIRST_ video game.If you _READ_ this article in 2013, you probably imagine video games as we know them now. Nowadays we are used to online games full of colour and action.However, the story about the invention of video games dates back to the 1940s and to a patent registered by the US patent office. The invention patent _WAS CALLED_: “The cathode ray tube amusement.”It was very primitive by today’s standards but has given the inspiration for many video games created _LATER_.
GrandmaMy grandma often comes to us to babysit my sister, Ann. Yesterday she was tired after a full day of looking after an active five-year-old, but she _NOT WANT_ to upset Ann and agreed to play ball in the backyard after supper.After 5 minutes, she _SIT_ down on a patio chair and said, “Grandma is too old for this.”Ann came over, put her arm around Grandma’s neck and said, “Grandma, I wish you _BE_ newer.”
GrandmaMy grandma often comes to us to babysit my sister, Ann. Yesterday she was tired after a full day of looking after an active five-year-old, but she _DID NOT WANT_ to upset Ann and agreed to play ball in the backyard after supper.After 5 minutes, she _SAT_ down on a patio chair and said, “Grandma is too old for this.”Ann came over, put her arm around Grandma’s neck and said, “Grandma, I wish you _WERE_ newer.”
Secret of the SaharaThis is a story about a strange discovery made in the great Sahara Desert. In 1933 a French officer __RIDE__ in the Sahara through a deep canyon in a mountain range where no other European had ever been.Suddenly he saw that the walls of the canyon __COVER___ with age-old carvings and paintings of strange unknown animals.News of the discovery soon __BRING__ many experts of all kinds to the place.
Secret of the SaharaThis is a story about a strange discovery made in the great Sahara Desert. In 1933 a French officer _WAS_RIDING__ in the Sahara through a deep canyon in a mountain range where no other European had ever been.Suddenly he saw that the walls of the canyon _WERE _COVERED__ with age-old carvings and paintings of strange unknown animals.News of the discovery soon __BROUGHT__ many experts of all kinds to the place.
Dinosaur FactsDinosaurs lived on our planet millions of years ago. Some of them were very big. Now only their giant bones and footprints __FIND__.Millions of years ago, the world did not look like it does today. Many of the animals that walked the land had bodies low to the ground and legs on the sides of their bodies. As time passed, the land changed. The animals changed too. Some of the animals now had legs under their bodies. They moved _FAST_ than the other animals._THIS_ new animals were the first dinosaurs. They came in all sizes. Some were about 75 feet long.The dinosaurs all died about 65 million years ago. Some people think that it got too cold for the dinosaurs. Other people think the dinosaurs _NOT CAN_ find enough food to eat. Still, no one is sure why the dinosaurs all died.
Dinosaur FactsDinosaurs lived on our planet millions of years ago. Some of them were very big. Now only their giant bones and footprints __ARE FOUND__.Millions of years ago, the world did not look like it does today. Many of the animals that walked the land had bodies low to the ground and legs on the sides of their bodies. As time passed, the land changed. The animals changed too. Some of the animals now had legs under their bodies. They moved _FASTER_ than the other animals._THESE_ new animals were the first dinosaurs. They came in all sizes. Some were about 75 feet long.The dinosaurs all died about 65 million years ago. Some people think that it got too cold for the dinosaurs. Other people think the dinosaurs _COULD NOT_ find enough food to eat. Still, no one is sure why the dinosaurs all died.
How old is Coca-Cola?Do you know how old this popular drink is? In 1886 a chemist from Atlanta, John Pemberton, __MAKE__ a syrup from cola-nut extract, cocoa leaves, some vegetable extracts, caffeine, and sugar.He ran the __ONE__advertisement for the beverage on May 29 of the same year in the Atlanta Journal.He started __SERVE_ the syrup diluted with soda-water to customers in his drugstore.That’s how the world famous drink _________INVENT_________.
How old is Coca-Cola?Do you know how old this popular drink is? In 1886 a chemist from Atlanta, John Pemberton, ________MADE__________ a syrup from cola-nut extract, cocoa leaves, some vegetable extracts, caffeine, and sugar.He ran the _______FIRST ___________ advertisement for the beverage on May 29 of the same year in the Atlanta Journal.He started ________SERVING__________ the syrup diluted with soda-water to customers in his drugstore.That’s how the world famous drink ______WAS___INVENTED_________.
College lifeWe are a family of five. My ________OLD__________ sister, Heather, is in her second year in college. This year she could not find a book she needed.When the professor assigned reading from a hard-to-find book, 150 hands shot in the air to inform him they _________NOT HAVE_________ it. He told them it had arrived at the bookstore that morning.When the class was over, Heather sprinted to the bookstore, grabbed a copy and rushed to the cashier. The cashier saw Heather and began ringing the bell for assistance, a look of panic on her face. “How many ________BE__________ there behind you?” she demanded.
College lifeWe are a family of five. My ________ELDER______ sister, Heather, is in her second year in college. This year she could not find a book she needed.When the professor assigned reading from a hard-to-find book, 150 hands shot in the air to inform him they ___DID_NOT HAVE___ it. He told them it had arrived at the bookstore that morning.When the class was over, Heather sprinted to the bookstore, grabbed a copy and rushed to the cashier. The cashier saw Heather and began ringing the bell for assistance, a look of panic on her face. “How many ___ARE__ there behind you?” she demanded.